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1970 |
Clarke and Richmond argue against Non-Darwinian Evolution
The Neutralist/ Selectionist controversy begins with
systematic responses to Kimura 1968 and King and Jukes 1969
from Bryan Clarke and Rollin Richmond.
Bryan Clarke, "Darwinian
Evolution of Proteins," Science 168 (1970), 1009-1011.
Rollin Richmond, "Non-Darwinian Evolution: A Critique,"
Nature 225 (1970), 1025-1028.
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1991 |
Comparative Study of Synonymous and Nonsynonymous Divergence Patterns
J. H. McDonald and M. Kreitman, "Adaptive protein evolution
at the AHD locus in Drosophila," Nature 351 (1991), 652-654.
From
Tomoko Ohta's Top Ten List of Significant Events in
Molecular Evolution
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1988 |
Detection of Positive Selection by Comparing Nonsynonymous and Synonymous Substitutions
A. L. Hughes and M. Nei, "Patter of nucleotide substitutions
at major histocompatibility complex class I loci reveals
overdominant selection," Nature 335 (1988), 167-170.
From
Tomoko Ohta's Top Ten List of Significant Events in
Molecular Evolution
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1962 |
Freese and Sueoka Recognize Neutral Molecular Evolution
Freese and Sueoka propose neutral mutations to explain the
difference between frequencies of amino acids and nucleotides.
E. Freese. 9162. On the evolution of basse composition of
DNA. Journal of Theoretical Biology 3: 82-101.
N. Sueoka. 1962. On the genetic basis of variation and
heterogeneity of DNA base composition. PNAS 48: 166-69.
From
James Crow's Top Ten List of Significant Events in Molecular
Evolution
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1950 |
H. J. Muller Introduces Genetic Load
H. J. Muller publishes "Our Load of Mutations" in which he introduces the
concept of a genetic load and the dangers of genetic radiation damage.
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1966 |
Hubby and Lewontin use electrophoresis to estimate genetic variation
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1964 |
Kimura and Crow formulate the Infinite Alleles Model
As part of the classical-balance controversy, Motoo Kimura
and James
Crow formulated the Infinite
Alleles Model in their paper
"The
Number of
Alleles that Can Be
Maintained in a Finite Population," Genetics 49 (1964),
725-
738.
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1968 |
Kimura publishes his cost of selection argument for neutral molecular evolution
In his article "Evolutionary Rate
at the Molecular
Level," Motoo Kimura argued that the rate of
substitution would
create an intolerable cost of selection unless many of the
substitutions were selectively neutral. This paper is
traditionally
considered one of the points of origin for the neutral
theory of
molecular evolution.
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1969 |
King and Jukes argue for Non-Darwinian Evolution
In their article,
"Non-Darwinian Evolution," Jack King and
Thomas Jukes introduce a variety of biochemical
evidence to make the case for neutral molecular
evolution. With Kimura's 1968 paper, this paper marks
the beginning of the neutralist/ selectionist controversy.
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1963 |
Macy Conference on Genetics
The Fifth Macy Conference on Genetics, held November 3-
6, 1963 at Princeton University, brought together several
well-known geneticists of that time period to discuss
important issues in population genetics. This conference took
place just before the emergence of the field of molecular
evolution. Attendees included: Walter Bodmer, James Crow,
Everett Dempster, Theodosius Dobzhansky, L.C. Dunn, Barry
Falconer, Dick Lewontin, Howard Levene, H.J. Muller, James
Neel, Bruce Wallace, and Jack Schull, among others. The format
of the conference was short individual presentations followed
by an informal free-for-all discussion. Fortunately, a stenographer
was present throughout the conference to preserve the interactions
of these scientists. We have posted the entire transcript,
dividing it up by sessions.
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1974 |
Problem of Uniform Heterozygosity Raised
Apparently Uniform Heterozygosity at the Protein Level was
raised as a Problem of the Neutral Theory
R.
C. Lewontin, The Genetic Basis of Evolutionary Change.
(New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 1974).
From
Tomoko Ohta's Top Ten List of Significant Events in
Molecular Evolution
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1996 |
Rapid Evolution at Nonsynonymous Sites in Small Populations.
N. A. Moran, "Accelerated evolution and Muller's Ratchet in
Endosymbiotic bacteria," PNAS 93 (1996), 2873-2878.
From
Tomoko Ohta's Top Ten List of Significant Events in
Molecular Evolution
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1981 |
Rapid Evolution of Pseudogenes.
Rapid Evolution of Pseudogenes.
T. Miyata and T. Yasunaga, "Rapidly evolving mouse alpha
globin related pseudogene and its evolutionary history,"
PNAS 78 (1981), 450-453.
From Tomoko Ohta's List of Top Ten Significant Events in
Molecular Evolution
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2000 |
Sequence Turnover at a Regulatory Element.
M. Z. Ludwig, et al., "Evidence for stabilizing selection in
a eukaryotic enhancer element," Nature 403 (2000), 564-567.
From
Tomoko Ohta's Top Ten List of Significant Events in
Molecular Evolution
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1973 |
Tomoko Ohta proposes the Nearly Neutral Theory
Ohta's paper "Slightly Delterious Mutant Substitutions in
Evolution," Nature 246 (1973): 96-98 marks the beginning of
the nearly neutral theory of molecular evolution.
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1965 |
Zuckerkandl and Pauling christen the Molecular Clock
Although Emile Zuckerkandl had articulated the idea of the
molecular
clock earlier, in their paper,"Evolutionary Divergence and
Convergence in
Proteins," for the 1965 Evolving Genes and Proteins
Conference,
Zuckerkandl and Linus Pauling coined the term "molecular
clock."
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