Bartholomew, John G. and Rochman, Jake and Xie, Tian and Kindem, Jonathan M. and Ruskuc, Andrei and Craiciu, Ioana and Lei, Mi and Faraon, Andrei (2020) On-chip coherent microwave-to-optical transduction mediated by ytterbium in YVO₄. Nature Communications, 11 . Art. No. 3266. ISSN 2041-1723. PMCID PMC7324619. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-16996-x. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200116-082522715
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Abstract
Optical networks that distribute entanglement among various quantum systems will form a powerful framework for quantum science but are yet to interface with leading quantum hardware such as superconducting qubits. Consequently, these systems remain isolated because microwave links at room temperature are noisy and lossy. Building long distance connectivity requires interfaces that map quantum information between microwave and optical fields. While preliminary microwave-to-optical transducers have been realized, developing efficient, low-noise devices that match superconducting qubit frequencies (gigahertz) and bandwidths (10 kilohertz – 1 megahertz) remains a challenge. Here we demonstrate a proof-of-concept on-chip transducer using trivalent ytterbium-171 ions in yttrium orthovanadate coupled to a nanophotonic waveguide and a microwave transmission line. The device′s miniaturization, material, and zero-magnetic-field operation are important advances for rare-earth ion magneto-optical devices. Further integration with high quality factor microwave and optical resonators will enable efficient transduction and create opportunities toward multi-platform quantum networks.
| Item Type: | Article | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Additional Information: | © 2020 The Author(s). This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Received 02 April 2020; Accepted 05 June 2020; Published 29 June 2020. This work was funded by Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Award No. N00014-16-1-2676, Office of Naval Research Award No. N00014-19-1-2182, Air Force Office of Scientific Research grant number FA9550-18-1-0374, Army Research Office (ARO/LPS) (CQTS) grant number W911NF1810011, Northrop Grumman and Weston Havens Foundation. The device nanofabrication was performed in the Kavli Nanoscience Institute at the California Institute of Technology. J.G.B. acknowledges the support of the American Australian Association′s Northrop Grumman Fellowship. I.C. and J.R. acknowledge support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant Nos. PGSD2-502755-2017 and PGSD3-502844-2017). The authors would like to acknowledge Jevon Longdell, Yu-Hui Chen, Tian Zhong, and Mike Fitelson for useful discussions. Data availability: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Author Contributions: J.G.B., J.R., T.X., and A.F. designed the experiments. J.G.B., J.R., T.X., J.M.K., A.R., I.C., M.L., contributed to the construction of the experimental apparatus. J.R. fabricated the device, and J.G.B. and T.X. performed the experiments, with support from all other authors. J.G.B., J.R., and T.X. conducted the data analysis and modeling. J.G.B. and A.F. wrote the manuscript with input from all authors. The authors declare no competing interests. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Group: | Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, Kavli Nanoscience Institute | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Subject Keywords: | Nanophotonics and plasmonics; Quantum information | ||||||||||||||||||||
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC7324619 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41467-020-16996-x | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20200116-082522715 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200116-082522715 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Official Citation: | Bartholomew, J.G., Rochman, J., Xie, T. et al. On-chip coherent microwave-to-optical transduction mediated by ytterbium in YVO4. Nat Commun 11, 3266 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16996-x | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| ID Code: | 100749 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposited By: | Tony Diaz | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposited On: | 16 Jan 2020 17:32 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Last Modified: | 16 Nov 2021 17:56 |
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