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Spatiotemporal Properties of Sub‐Rayleigh and Supershear Ruptures Inferred From Full‐Field Dynamic Imaging of Laboratory Experiments

Rubino, V. and Rosakis, A. J. and Lapusta, Nadia (2020) Spatiotemporal Properties of Sub‐Rayleigh and Supershear Ruptures Inferred From Full‐Field Dynamic Imaging of Laboratory Experiments. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 125 (2). Art. No. e2019JB018922. ISSN 0148-0227. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200204-112042828

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Abstract

Many earthquakes propagate at sub‐Rayleigh speeds. Earthquakes propagating at supershear speeds, though less common, are by far more destructive. Hence, it is important to quantify the motion characteristics associated with both types of earthquake ruptures. Here we report on the spatiotemporal properties of dynamic ruptures measured in our laboratory experiments using the dynamic digital image correlation technique. Earthquakes are mimicked by the frictional rupture propagating along the interface of two Homalite plates. Digital images of the propagating ruptures are captured by an ultrahigh‐speed camera and processed with digital image correlation in order to produce sequences of evolving displacement and velocity maps. Our measurements reveal the full‐field structure of the velocity components, bridge the gap between previous spatially sparse velocimeter measurements available only at two to three locations, and enable us to quantify the attenuation patterns away from the interface.


Item Type:Article
Related URLs:
URLURL TypeDescription
https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JB018922DOIArticle
https://doi.org/10.22002/d1.1328DOIData
ORCID:
AuthorORCID
Rubino, V.0000-0002-4023-8668
Rosakis, A. J.0000-0003-0559-0794
Lapusta, Nadia0000-0001-6558-0323
Contact Email Address:vito.rubino@caltech.edu
Additional Information:©2020. The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Received 21 OCT 2019; Accepted 11 JAN 2020; Accepted article online 15 JAN 2020. This study was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) (Grants EAR 1321655 and EAR‐1651235), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) (Grant G16AP00106), and the Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC), Contribution 9985. SCEC is funded by NSF Cooperative Agreement EAR‐1033462 and USGS Cooperative Agreement G12AC20038. Data sets used in this study are available from the Repository CaltechDATA (https://doi.org/10.22002/d1.1328).
Group:Center for Geomechanics and Mitigation of Geohazards (GMG), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, GALCIT, Seismological Laboratory
Funders:
Funding AgencyGrant Number
NSFEAR-1321655
NSFEAR‐1651235
USGSG16AP00106
Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC)9985
USGSG12AC20038
Subject Keywords:supershear; sub‐Rayleigh; earthquake mechanics; attenuation; laboratory experiments; digital image correlation
Issue or Number:2
Record Number:CaltechAUTHORS:20200204-112042828
Persistent URL:https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20200204-112042828
Official Citation:Rubino, V., Rosakis, A. J., & Lapusta, N. ( 2020). Spatiotemporal properties of sub‐Rayleigh and supershear ruptures inferred from full‐field dynamic imaging of laboratory experiments. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 125, e2019JB018922. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JB018922
Usage Policy:No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.
ID Code:101115
Collection:CaltechAUTHORS
Deposited By: Vito Rubino
Deposited On:04 Feb 2020 20:45
Last Modified:15 Nov 2022 19:14

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