Kemmer, J. and Stock, S. and Kossakowski, D. and Kaminski, A. and Molaverdikhani, K. and Schlecker, M. and Caballero, J. A. and Amado, P. J. and Astudillo-Defru, N. and Bonfils, X. and Ciardi, D. and Collins, K. A. and Espinoza, N. and Fukui, A. and Hirano, T. and Jenkins, J. M. and Latham, D. W. and Matthews, E. C. and Narita, N. and Pallé, E. and Parviainen, H. and Quirrenbach, A. and Reiners, A. and Ribas, I. and Ricker, G. and Schlieder, J. E. and Seager, S. and Vanderspek, R. and Winn, J. N. and Almenara, J. M. and Béjar, V. J. S. and Bluhm, P. and Bouchy, F. and Boyd, P. and Christiansen, J. L. and Cifuentes, C. and Cloutier, R. and Collins, K. I. and Cortés-Contreras, M. and Crossfield, I. J. M. and Crouzet, N. and de Leon, J. P. and Della-Rose, D. D. and Delfosse, X. and Dreizler, S. and Esparza-Borges, E. and Essack, Z. and Forveille, Th. and Figueira, P. and Galadí-Enríquez, D. and Gan, T. and Glidden, A. and Gonzales, E. J. and Guerra, P. and Harakawa, H. and Hatzes, A. P. and Henning, Th. and Herrero, E. and Hodapp, K. and Hori, Y. and Howell, S. B. and Ikoma, M. and Isogai, K. and Jeffers, S. V. and Kürster, M. and Kawauchi, K. and Kimura, T. and Klagyivik, P. and Kotani, T. and Kurokawa, T. and Kusakabe, N. and Kuzuhara, M. and Lafarga, M. and Livingston, J. H. and Luque, R. and Matson, R. and Morales, J. C. and Mori, M. and Muirhead, P. S. and Murgas, F. and Nishikawa, J. and Nishiumi, T. and Omiya, M. and Reffert, S. and Rodríguez López, C. and Santos, N. C. and Schöfer, P. and Schwarz, R. P. and Shiao, B. and Tamura, M. and Terada, Y. and Twicken, J. D. and Ueda, A. and Vievard, S. and Watanabe, N. and Zechmeister, M. (2020) Discovery of a hot, transiting, Earth-sized planet and a second temperate, non-transiting planet around the M4 dwarf GJ 3473 (TOI-488). Astronomy and Astrophysics, 642 . Art. No. A236. ISSN 0004-6361. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201102-092227642
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Abstract
We present the confirmation and characterisation of GJ 3473 b (G 50–16, TOI-488.01), a hot Earth-sized planet orbiting an M4 dwarf star, whose transiting signal (P = 1.1980035 ± 0.0000018 d) was first detected by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Through a joint modelling of follow-up radial velocity observations with CARMENES, IRD, and HARPS together with extensive ground-based photometric follow-up observations with LCOGT, MuSCAT, and MuSCAT2, we determined a precise planetary mass, M_b = 1.86 ± 0.30 M_⊕, and radius, R_b = 1.264 ± 0.050 R⊕. Additionally, we report the discovery of a second, temperate, non-transiting planet in the system, GJ 3473 c, which has a minimum mass, Mc sin i = 7.41 ± 0.91 M_⊕, and orbital period, P_c = 15.509 ± 0.033 d. The inner planet of the system, GJ 3473 b, is one of the hottest transiting Earth-sized planets known thus far, accompanied by a dynamical mass measurement, which makes it a particularly attractive target for thermal emission spectroscopy.
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| Additional Information: | © ESO 2020. Article published by EDP Sciences. Received 18 July 2020; Accepted 10 September 2020; Published online 23 October 2020. CARMENES is an instrument at the Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán de Calar Alto (CAHA, Almería, Spain). CARMENES was funded by the German Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (MPG), the Spanish Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), the European Union through FEDER/ERF FICTS-2011-02 funds, and the members of the CARMENES Consortium (Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, Landessternwarte Königstuhl, Institut de Ciències de l’Espai, Insitut für Astrophysik Göttingen, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Hamburger Sternwarte, Centro de Astrobiología and Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán), with additional contributions by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, the German Science Foundation through the Major Research Instrumentation Programme and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Research Unit FOR2544 “Blue Planets around Red Stars”, the Klaus Tschira Stiftung, the states of Baden-Württemberg and Niedersachsen, and by the Junta de Andalucía. Part of this work was funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación via projects PID2019-109522GB-C51/2/3/4 and AYA2016-79425-C3-1/2/3-P, (MEXT/)JSPS KAKENHI via grants 15H02063, JP17H04574, 18H05442, JP18H01265, JP18H05439, 19J11805, JP19K14783, and 22000005, JST PRESTO via grant JPMJPR1775, FCT/MCTES through national funds (PIDDAC, PTDC/FIS-AST/32113/2017) via grant UID/FIS/04434/2019, FEDER – Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional through COMPETE2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-032113), the FONDECYT project 3180063, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia through national funds and by FEDER through COMPETE2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização by these grants: UID/FIS/04434/2019; UIDB/04434/2020; UIDP/04434/2020; PTDC/FIS-AST/32113/2017 & POCI-01-0145-FEDER-032113; PTDC/FIS-AST/28953/2017 & POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028953. and the International Graduate Program for Excellence in Earth-Space Science. Part of the data analysis was carried out on the Multi-wavelength Data Analysis System operated by the Astronomy Data Center, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. Funding for the TESS mission is provided by NASA’s Science Mission directorate. We acknowledge the use of public TESS Alert data from pipelines at the TESS Science Office and at the TESS Science Processing Operations Center. This research has made use of the Exoplanet Follow-up Observation Program website, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. Resources supporting this work were provided by the NASA High-End Computing Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing Division at Ames Research Center for the production of the SPOC data products. This paper includes data collected by the TESS mission, which are publicly available from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes. This work makes use of observations from the LCOGT network. The analysis of this work has made use of a wide variety of public available software packages that are not referenced in the manuscript: Exo-Striker (Trifonov 2019), astropy (Astropy Collaboration 2018), scipy (Virtanen et al. 2020), numpy (Oliphant 2006), matplotlib (Hunter 2007), tqdm (da Costa-Luis 2019), pandas (The pandas development team 2020), seaborn (Waskom et al. 2020), lightkurve (Lightkurve Collaboration 2018) and PyFITS (Barrett et al. 2012). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Group: | Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Subject Keywords: | planetary systems – planets and satellites: detection – techniques: radial velocities – techniques: photometric – stars: late-type – stars: individual: G 50-16 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20201102-092227642 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201102-092227642 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Official Citation: | Discovery of a hot, transiting, Earth-sized planet and a second temperate, non-transiting planet around the M4 dwarf GJ 3473 (TOI-488). J. Kemmer, S. Stock, D. Kossakowski, A. Kaminski, K. Molaverdikhani, M. Schlecker, J. A. Caballero, P. J. Amado, N. Astudillo-Defru, X. Bonfils, D. Ciardi, K. A. Collins, N. Espinoza, A. Fukui, T. Hirano, J. M. Jenkins, D. W. Latham, E. C. Matthews, N. Narita, E. Pallé, H. Parviainen, A. Quirrenbach, A. Reiners, I. Ribas, G. Ricker, J. E. Schlieder, S. Seager, R. Vanderspek, J. N. Winn, J. M. Almenara, V. J. S. Béjar, P. Bluhm, F. Bouchy, P. Boyd, J. L. Christiansen, C. Cifuentes, R. Cloutier, K. I. Collins, M. Cortés-Contreras, I. J M. Crossfield, N. Crouzet, J. P. de Leon, D. D. Della-Rose, X. Delfosse, S. Dreizler, E. Esparza-Borges, Z. Essack, Th. Forveille, P. Figueira, D. Galadí-Enríquez, T. Gan, A. Glidden, E. J. Gonzales, P. Guerra, H. Harakawa, A. P. Hatzes, Th. Henning, E. Herrero, K. Hodapp, Y. Hori, S. B. Howell, M. Ikoma, K. Isogai, S. V. Jeffers, M. Kürster, K. Kawauchi, T. Kimura, P. Klagyivik, T. Kotani, T. Kurokawa, N. Kusakabe, M. Kuzuhara, M. Lafarga, J. H. Livingston, R. Luque, R. Matson, J. C. Morales, M. Mori, P. S. Muirhead, F. Murgas, J. Nishikawa, T. Nishiumi, M. Omiya, S. Reffert, C. Rodríguez López, N. C. Santos, P. Schöfer, R. P. Schwarz, B. Shiao, M. Tamura, Y. Terada, J. D. Twicken, A. Ueda, S. Vievard, N. Watanabe and M. Zechmeister. A&A, 642 (2020) A236; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038967 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ID Code: | 106378 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposited By: | Tony Diaz | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposited On: | 04 Nov 2020 20:27 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Last Modified: | 04 Nov 2020 20:27 |
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