Hsin, Po-Shen and Iliesiu, Luca V. and Yang, Zhenbin (2021) A violation of global symmetries from replica wormholes and the fate of black hole remnants. Classical and Quantum Gravity, 38 (19). Art. No. 194004. ISSN 0264-9381. doi:10.1088/1361-6382/ac2134. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201124-085240921
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Abstract
We show that the presence of replica wormholes in the Euclidean path integral of gravity leads to a non-perturbative violation of charge conservation for any global symmetry present in the low-energy description of quantum gravity. Explicitly, we compute the scattering probability between different charged states in several two-dimensional models of quantum gravity and find a non-vanishing answer. This suggests that the set of all charged states is typically over-complete, which has drastic consequences for the fate of black hole remnants that could carry a global symmetry charge. In the holographic context, we argue that the presence of such a symmetry in the effective description of the bulk should appear on the boundary as an emergent global symmetry after ensemble averaging.
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| Additional Information: | © 2021 IOP Publishing Ltd. Received 24 April 2021; Revised 29 July 2021; Accepted 25 August 2021; Published 15 September 2021. We thank Juan Maldacena, Arvin Shahbazi Moghaddam, Stephen Shenker and Douglas Stanford for comments on a draft and for helpful discussions. We thank Edgar Shaghoulian for comments on a draft. The work of P-SH is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, under Award No. DE-SC0011632, and by the Simons Foundation through the Simons Investigator Award. LVI was supported in part by the Simons Collaboration on Ultra-Quantum Matter, a Simons Foundation Grant No. 651440. ZY is supported in part by the Simons Foundation through the It from Qubit Collaboration. Data availability statement: No new data were created or analysed in this study. | |||||||||
| Group: | Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics | |||||||||
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| Subject Keywords: | remnants, violations, symmetries, replica | |||||||||
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| Issue or Number: | 19 | |||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1088/1361-6382/ac2134 | |||||||||
| Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20201124-085240921 | |||||||||
| Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20201124-085240921 | |||||||||
| Official Citation: | Po-Shen Hsin et al 2021 Class. Quantum Grav. 38 194004 | |||||||||
| Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | |||||||||
| ID Code: | 106803 | |||||||||
| Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | |||||||||
| Deposited By: | Joy Painter | |||||||||
| Deposited On: | 24 Nov 2020 17:38 | |||||||||
| Last Modified: | 12 Jul 2022 19:50 |
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