Kuk, K. and Cude-Woods, C. and Chavez, C.R. and Choi, J.H. and Estrada, J. and Hoffbauer, M. and Holland, S.E. and Makela, M. and Morris, C.L. and Ramberg, E. and Adamek, E.R. and Bailey, T. and Blatnik, M. and Broussard, L.J. and Brown, M.A.-P. and Callahan, N.B. and Clayton, S.M. and Currie, S. and Filippone, B. W. and Fries, E. M. and Geltenbort, P. and Gonzalez, F. and Hassan, M.T. and Hayen, L. and Hickerson, K. P. and Holley, A.T. and Ito, T.M. and Liu, C.-Y. and Merkel, P. and Musedinovic, R. and O’Shaughnessy, C. and Pattie, R.W. and Plaster, B. and Salvat, D.J. and Saunders, A. and Sharapov, E.I. and Sun, X. and Tang, Z. and Wei, W. and Wexler, J.W. and Young, A.R. and Wang, Zhehui (2021) Projection imaging with ultracold neutrons. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 1003 . Art. No. 165306. ISSN 0168-9002. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2021.165306. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210407-144710358
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Abstract
Ultracold neutron (UCN) projection imaging is demonstrated using a boron-coated back-illuminated CCD camera and the Los Alamos UCN source. Each neutron is recorded through the capture reactions with ¹⁰B. By direct detection at least one of the byproducts α, ⁷Li and γ (electron recoils) derived from the neutron capture and reduction of thermal noise of the scientific CCD camera, a signal-to-noise improvement on the order of 10⁴ over the indirect detection has been achieved. Sub-pixel position resolution of a few microns is confirmed for individual UCN events. Projection imaging of test objects shows a spatial resolution less than 100μm by an integrated UCN flux one the order of 10⁶ cm⁻². The bCCD can be used to build UCN detectors with an area on the order of 1 m². The combination of micrometer scale spatial resolution, low readout noise of a few electrons, and large area makes bCCD suitable for quantum science of UCN.
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| Additional Information: | © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Received 19 February 2021, Revised 24 March 2021, Accepted 30 March 2021, Available online 7 April 2021. This work was funded by the LDRD program of Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA. The CCD development work was supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NCSU is supported by National Science Foundation, USA 1914133 and DOE, USA grant DE-FG02-ER41042. CRediT authorship contribution statement K. Kuk: Performed the experiment using B-10 coated CCD, Designed and made the masks. C. Cude-Woods: Performed the experiment using B-10 coated CCD, Designed and made the masks, UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. C.R. Chavez: Performed the experiment using B-10 coated CCD. J.H. Choi: Performed the experiment using B-10 coated CCD, UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. J. Estrada: CCD detector design and/or hardware, Led the data analysis with inputs from the Fermilab team and LANL team, Led the manuscript writing with inputs from all the coauthors. M. Hoffbauer: CCD B-10 coating plan and performed the B-10 coating. S.E. Holland: CCD detector design and/or hardware. M. Makela: Performed the experiment using B-10 coated CCD, Designed and made the masks, UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. C.L. Morris: Performed the experiment using B-10 coated CCD, Designed and made the masks, UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. E. Ramberg: CCD detector design and/or hardware. E.R. Adamek: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. T. Bailey: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. M. Blatnik: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. L.J. Broussard: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. M.A.-P. Brown: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. N.B. Callahan: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. S.M. Clayton: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. S. Currie: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. B.W. Filippone: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. E.M. Fries: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. P. Geltenbort: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. F. Gonzalez: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. M.T. Hassan: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. L. Hayen: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. K.P. Hickerson: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. A.T. Holley: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. T.M. Ito: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. C.-Y. Liu: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. P. Merkel: CCD detector design and/or hardware. R. Musedinovic: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. C. O’Shaughnessy: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. R.W. Pattie Jr.: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. B. Plaster: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. D.J. Salvat: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. A. Saunders: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. E.I. Sharapov: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. X. Sun: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. Z. Tang: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. W. Wei: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. J.W. Wexler: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. A.R. Young: UCN facility operation, planning, and/or UCN source support and/or inputs to the experimental execution. Zhehui Wang: Performed the experiment using B-10 coated CCD, CCD detector design and/or hardware, CCD B-10 coating plan and performed the B-10 coating, Led the manuscript writing with inputs from all the coauthors, Initiated the work with feedbacks and refinement of the plans from all the coauthors. The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Subject Keywords: | Ultracold neutrons; Direct detection; 10B nanometer thin film; Neutron detection efficiency; Low background; Projection imaging | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.nima.2021.165306 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20210407-144710358 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20210407-144710358 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Official Citation: | K. Kuk, C. Cude-Woods, C.R. Chavez, J.H. Choi, J. Estrada, M. Hoffbauer, S.E. Holland, M. Makela, C.L. Morris, E. Ramberg, E.R. Adamek, T. Bailey, M. Blatnik, L.J. Broussard, M.A.-P. Brown, N.B. Callahan, S.M. Clayton, S. Currie, B.W. Filippone, E.M. Fries, P. Geltenbort, F. Gonzalez, M.T. Hassan, L. Hayen, K.P. Hickerson, A.T. Holley, T.M. Ito, C.-Y. Liu, P. Merkel, R. Musedinovic, C. O’Shaughnessy, R.W. Pattie, B. Plaster, D.J. Salvat, A. Saunders, E.I. Sharapov, X. Sun, Z. Tang, W. Wei, J.W. Wexler, A.R. Young, Zhehui Wang, Projection imaging with ultracold neutrons, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Volume 1003, 2021, 165306, ISSN 0168-9002, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2021.165306. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ID Code: | 108648 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposited By: | Tony Diaz | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposited On: | 07 Apr 2021 23:26 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Last Modified: | 21 Apr 2021 21:52 |
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