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Abstract
The MIP Timing Detector will provide additional timing capabilities for detection of minimum ionizing particles (MIPs) at CMS during the High Luminosity LHC era, improving event reconstruction and pileup rejection. The central portion of the detector, the Barrel Timing Layer (BTL), will be instrumented with LYSO:Ce crystals and Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) providing a time resolution of about 30 ps at the beginning of operation, and degrading to 50-60 ps at the end of the detector lifetime as a result of radiation damage. In this work, we present the results obtained using a 120 GeV proton beam at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility to measure the time resolution of unirradiated sensors. A proof-of-concept of the sensor layout proposed for the barrel region of the MTD, consisting of elongated crystal bars with dimensions of about 3×3×57 mm³ and with double-ended SiPM readout, is demonstrated. This design provides a robust time measurement independent of the impact point of the MIP along the crystal bar. We tested LYSO:Ce bars of different thickness (2, 3, 4 mm) with a geometry close to the reference design and coupled to SiPMs manufactured by Hamamatsu and Fondazione Bruno Kessler. The various aspects influencing the timing performance such as the crystal thickness, properties of the SiPMs (e.g. photon detection efficiency), and impact angle of the MIP are studied. A time resolution of about 28 ps is measured for MIPs crossing a 3 mm thick crystal bar, corresponding to a most probable value (MPV) of energy deposition of 2.6 MeV, and of 22 ps for the 4.2 MeV MPV energy deposition expected in the BTL, matching the detector performance target for unirradiated devices.
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| Additional Information: | © 2021 CERN for the benefit of the CMS collaboration. Published by IOP Publishing Ltd on behalf of Sissa Medialab. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. We are grateful to the FNAL accelerator teams for providing excellent beam quality for these tests. We acknowledge the FTBF team for the support provided during data taking. We would like to thank Lorenzo Uplegger for his support with the tracking. We are also thankful to Todd Nebel and Jim Wish for their help in promptly providing mechanical solutions to arrange our setup on the beam line. We thank the technical and administrative staff at the CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. We acknowledge the support provided to the MTD project by the following funding agencies: CERN; Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA (France); NKFIH, OTKA-131991 (Hungary); INFN (Italy); NRF-2008-00460, 2018R1A6A1A06024970, 2020R1A2C1012322 (Republic of Korea); LAS (Lithuania); FCT (Portugal); MON, Rosatom, RAS, RFBR, and NRC KI (Russia); SEIDI, CPAN, PCTI, and FEDER (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); DOE and NSF (U.S.A.). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Group: | CMS@Caltech | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Subject Keywords: | Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, APDs, Si-PMTs, G-APDs, CCDs, EBCCDs, EMCCDs, CMOS imagers, etc); Scintillators, scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas and liquid scintillators); Timing detectors | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issue or Number: | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1088/1748-0221/16/07/p07023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20211015-162634751 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20211015-162634751 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Official Citation: | The CMS MTD collaboration et al 2021 JINST 16 P07023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ID Code: | 111469 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposited By: | George Porter | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposited On: | 18 Oct 2021 17:36 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Last Modified: | 18 Oct 2021 17:36 |
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