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Violation and revival of Kramers' degeneracy in open quantum systems

Zhang, Pengfei and Chen, Yu (2022) Violation and revival of Kramers' degeneracy in open quantum systems. Physical Review B, 105 (24). Art. No. L241106. ISSN 2469-9950. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.105.L241106. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20211018-185259557

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Abstract

Kramers' theorem ensures double degeneracy in the energy spectrum of a time-reversal symmetric fermionic system with half-integer total spin. Here, we are trying to go beyond the closed system and discuss Kramers' degeneracy in open systems out of equilibrium. A natural way to extend the Kramers' degeneracy in open quantum systems is by the degeneracy of different spins' spectra together with the vanishing interspin spectrum. We find the violation of Kramers' degeneracy in time-reversal symmetric open quantum systems is locked with whether the system reaches thermal equilibrium. After a general coupling to an environment in a time-reversal symmetry-preserving way, the Kramers doublet experiences an energy splitting at a short time and then a recovery process. We verified the violation and revival of Kramers' degeneracy in a concrete model of interacting fermions and we find Kramers' degeneracy is restored after the local thermalization time. By contrast, for time-reversal symmetry ˜T with ˜T²=1, we find that although there is a violation and revival of spectral degeneracy for different spins, the inter-spin spectral function is always nonzero. We also prove that the degeneracy in spectral function protected by unitary symmetry can always be maintained.


Item Type:Article
Related URLs:
URLURL TypeDescription
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.105.L241106DOIArticle
https://journals.aps.org/prb/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevB.105.L241106PublisherSupplemental Material
https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.05493arXivDiscussion Paper
ORCID:
AuthorORCID
Zhang, Pengfei0000-0002-7408-0918
Chen, Yu0000-0002-0065-7622
Additional Information:©2022 American Physical Society. Received 29 August 2021; revised 7 May 2022; accepted 11 May 2022; published 8 June 2022. P.Z. acknowledges support from the Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics at Caltech. Y.C. is supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Z180013), and NSFC under Grants No. 11734010 and No. 12174358.
Group:Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics, Institute for Quantum Information and Matter
Funders:
Funding AgencyGrant Number
Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics, CaltechUNSPECIFIED
Beijing Natural Science FoundationZ180013
National Natural Science Foundation of China11734010
National Natural Science Foundation of China12174358
Issue or Number:24
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevB.105.L241106
Record Number:CaltechAUTHORS:20211018-185259557
Persistent URL:https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20211018-185259557
Usage Policy:No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.
ID Code:111529
Collection:CaltechAUTHORS
Deposited By: George Porter
Deposited On:19 Oct 2021 15:04
Last Modified:27 Jun 2022 14:42

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