CaltechAUTHORS
  A Caltech Library Service

The United States COVID-19 Forecast Hub dataset

Cramer, Estee Y. and Huang, Yuxin and Wang, Yijin and Ray, Evan L. and Cornell, Matthew and Bracher, Johannes and Brennen, Andrea and Castro Rivadeneira, Alvaro J. and Gerding, Aaron and House, Katie and Jayawardena, Dasuni and Kanji, Abdul Hannan and Khandelwal, Ayush and Le, Khoa and Mody, Vidhi and Mody, Vrushti and Niemi, Jarad and Stark, Ariane and Shah, Apurv and Wattanachit, Nutcha and Zorn, Martha W. and Reich, Nicholas G. and Abu-Mostafa, Yaser S. and Bathwal, Rahil and Chang, Nicholas A. and Chitta, Pavan and Erickson, Anne and Goel, Sumit and Gowda, Jethin and Jin, Qixuan and Jo, HyeongChan and Kim, Juhyun and Kulkarni, Pranav and Lushtak, Samuel M. and Mann, Ethan and Popken, Max and Soohoo, Connor and Tirumala, Kushal and Tseng, Albert and Varadarajan, Vignesh and Vytheeswaran, Jagath and Wang, Christopher and Yeluri, Akshay and Yurk, Dominic and Zhang, Michael and Zlokapa, Alexander (2022) The United States COVID-19 Forecast Hub dataset. Scientific Data, 9 . Art. No. 462. ISSN 2052-4463. PMCID PMC8236414. doi:10.1038/s41597-022-01517-w. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20211105-194210514

[img] PDF - Published Version
Creative Commons Attribution.

1MB
[img] PDF - Submitted Version
Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication.

587kB

Use this Persistent URL to link to this item: https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20211105-194210514

Abstract

Academic researchers, government agencies, industry groups, and individuals have produced forecasts at an unprecedented scale during the COVID-19 pandemic. To leverage these forecasts, the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) partnered with an academic research lab at the University of Massachusetts Amherst to create the US COVID-19 Forecast Hub. Launched in April 2020, the Forecast Hub is a dataset with point and probabilistic forecasts of incident cases, incident hospitalizations, incident deaths, and cumulative deaths due to COVID-19 at county, state, and national, levels in the United States. Included forecasts represent a variety of modeling approaches, data sources, and assumptions regarding the spread of COVID-19. The goal of this dataset is to establish a standardized and comparable set of short-term forecasts from modeling teams. These data can be used to develop ensemble models, communicate forecasts to the public, create visualizations, compare models, and inform policies regarding COVID-19 mitigation. These open-source data are available via download from GitHub, through an online API, and through R packages.


Item Type:Article
Related URLs:
URLURL TypeDescription
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01517-wDOIArticle
https://github.com/reichlab/covid19-forecast-hubRelated ItemDatasets
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5208210DOIDatasets
https://zoltardata.com/project/44Related ItemZoltar forecast repository
https://github.com/reichlab/covid19-forecast-hub-validationsRelated ItemCode
https://github.com/reichlab/covidEnsemblesRelated ItemEnsemble models
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5207940DOIcovidHubUtils R package
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5208224DOIcovidData R package
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc8236414/PubMed CentralArticle
https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.11.04.21265886DOIDiscussion Paper
ORCID:
AuthorORCID
Cramer, Estee Y.0000-0003-1373-3177
Bracher, Johannes0000-0002-3777-1410
Niemi, Jarad0000-0002-5079-158X
Reich, Nicholas G.0000-0003-3503-9899
Additional Information:© The Author(s) 2022. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Received 17 January 2022; Accepted 29 June 2022; Published 01 August 2022. This work has been supported in part by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1U01IP001122) and the National Institutes of General Medical Sciences (R35GM119582). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC, FDA, NIGMS or the National Institutes of Health. Johannes Bracher was supported by the Helmholtz Foundation via the SIMCARD Information & Data Science Pilot Project. For teams that reported receiving funding for their work, we report the sources and disclosures below. AIpert-pwllnod: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. Caltech-CS156: Gary Clinard Innovation Fund. CEID-Walk: University of Georgia. CMU-TimeSeries: CDC Center of Excellence, gifts from Google and Facebook. Covid19Sim: National Science Foundation awards 2035360 and 2035361, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, and Rockefeller Foundation to support the work of the Society for Medical Decision Making COVID-19 Decision Modeling Initiative. COVIDhub: This work has been supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1U01IP001122) and the National Institutes of General Medical Sciences (R35GM119582). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC, NIGMS or the National Institutes of Health. Johannes Bracher was supported by the Helmholtz Foundation via the SIMCARD Information & Data Science Pilot Project. Tilmann Gneiting gratefully acknowledges support by the Klaus Tschira Foundation. CUBoulder, CUB-PopCouncil: The Population Council, and the University of Colorado Population Center (CUPC) funded by Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development of the National Institutes of Health (P2CHD066613). CU-select: NSF DMS-2027369 and a gift from the Morris-Singer Foundation. DDS-NBDS: NSF III-1812699. epiforecasts-ensemble1: Wellcome Trust (210758/Z/18/Z). FDANIHASU: supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH/NIDDK. GT_CHHS-COVID19: William W. George Endowment, Virginia C. and Joseph C. Mello Endowment, NSF DGE-1650044, NSF MRI 1828187, research cyberinfrastructure resources and services provided by the Partnership for an Advanced Computing Environment (PACE) at Georgia Tech, and the following benefactors at Georgia Tech: Andrea Laliberte, Joseph C. Mello, Richard “Rick” E. & Charlene Zalesky, and Claudia & Paul Raines, CDC MInD-Healthcare U01CK000531-Supplement. GT-DeepCOVID: This work was supported in part by the NSF (Expeditions CCF-1918770, CAREER IIS-2028586, RAPID IIS-2027862, Medium IIS-1955883, Medium IIS-2106961, CCF-2115126), CDC MInD program, ORNL, faculty research award from Facebook and funds/computing resources from Georgia Tech. BA was supported by CDC-MIND U01CK000594 and start-up funds from University of Iowa. IHME: This work was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, as well as funding from the state of Washington and the National Science Foundation (award nocoviddata. FAIN: 2031096). Imperial-ensemble1: SB acknowledges funding from the Wellcome Trust (219415). Institute of Business Forecasting: IBF. IowaStateLW-STEM: NSF DMS-1916204, Iowa State University Plant Sciences Institute Scholars Program, NSF CCF-1934884, Laurence H. Baker Center for Bioinformatics and Biological Statistics. IUPUI CIS: NSF. JHU_CSSE-DECOM: JHU CSSE: National Science Foundation (NSF) RAPID “Real-time Forecasting of COVID-19 risk in the USA”. 2021-2022. Award ID: 2108526. National Science Foundation (NSF) RAPID “Development of an interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID-19 in real-time”. 2020. Award ID: 2028604. JHU_IDD-CovidSP: State of California, US Dept of Health and Human Services, US Dept of Homeland Security, Johns Hopkins Health System, Office of the Dean at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University Modeling and Policy Hub, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (5U01CK000538-03), University of Utah Immunology, Inflammation, & Infectious Disease Initiative (26798 Seed Grant). JHU_UNC_GAS-StatMechPool: NIH NIGMS: R01GM140564. JHUAPL-Bucky: US Dept of Health and Human Services. KITmetricslab-select_ensemble: Daniel Wolffram was supported by the Klaus Tschira Foundation as well as the Helmholtz Association under the joint research school “HIDSS4Health – Helmholtz Information and Data Science School for Health”. Moreover, his work was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and the Baden-Württemberg Ministry of Science as part of the Excellence Strategy of the German Federal and State Governments. LANL-GrowthRate: LANL LDRD 20200700ER. LosAlamos_NAU-CModel_SDVaxVar: NIH/NIGMS grant R01GM111510; LANL-Directed Research and Development Program, Defense Threat Reduction Agency; Laboratory-Directed Research and Development Program project 20220268ER. LU-compUncertLab: UMass Amherst Center of Excellence for Influenza, Institute for Data Intelligent Systems and Computation. MIT-Cassandra: MIT Quest for Intelligence. MOBS-GLEAM_COVID: COVID Supplement CDC-HHS-6U01IP001137-01; CA NU38OT000297 from the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE). NCSU-COVSIM: Cooperative Agreement NU38OT000297 from the CSTE and the CDC. NotreDame-FRED: NSF RAPID DEB 2027718. NotreDame-mobility: NSF RAPID DEB 2027718. PSI-DRAFT: NSF RAPID Grant # 2031536. QJHong-Encounter: NSF DMR-2001411 and DMR-1835939. SDSC_ISG-TrendModel: The development of the dashboard was partly funded by the Fondation Privée des Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève. UA-EpiCovDA: NSF RAPID Grant # 2028401. UChicagoCHATTOPADHYAY-UnIT: Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) #HR00111890043/P00004 (I. Chattopadhyay, University of Chicago). UCSB-ACTS: NSF RAPID IIS 2029626. UCSD_NEU-DeepGLEAM: Google Faculty Award, W31P4Q-21-C-0014. UMass-MechBayes: NIGMS #R35GM119582, NSF #1749854, NIGMS #R35GM119582. UMich-RidgeTfReg: This project is funded by the University of Michigan Physics Department and the University of Michigan Office of Research. USC-SikJalpha: This material is based upon work supported by the National Science. Foundation RAPID under Grant No. 2135784 with support from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). UVA-Ensemble: National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grant 1R01GM109718, NSF BIG DATA Grant IIS-1633028, NSF Grant No.: OAC-1916805, NSF Expeditions in Computing Grant CCF-1918656, CCF-1917819, NSF RAPID CNS-2028004, NSF RAPID OAC-2027541, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 75D30119C05935, a grant from Google, University of Virginia Strategic Investment Fund award number SIF160, Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) under Contract No. HDTRA1-19-D-0007, and Virginia Dept of Health Grant VDH-21-501-0141. Wadnwani_AI-BayesOpt: This study is made possible by the generous support of the American People through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The work described in this article was implemented under the TRACETB Project, managed by WIAI under the terms of Cooperative Agreement Number 72038620CA00006. The contents of this manuscript are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. WalmartLabsML-LogForecasting: Team acknowledges Walmart to support this study. Data availability: The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the reichlab/covid19-forecast-hub GitHub repository, https://github.com/reichlab/covid19-forecast-hub. A permanent DOI for the GitHub repository for the Forecast Hub is available as https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.520821010 Forecast data are also available through our Zoltar forecast repository at https://zoltardata.com/project/44. Code availability: All code for forecast data validation and storage associated with the current submission is available in the Forecast Hub GitHub repository, https://github.com/reichlab/covid19-forecast-hub-validations. Ensemble models are built with code in the covidEnsembles R package, https://github.com/reichlab/covidEnsembles. The code for forecast analysis is at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.520794012 (covidHubUtils R package) and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.52082247 (covidData R package). Any updates will also be published on Zenodo. These authors contributed equally: Estee Y. Cramer, Yuxin Huang, Yijin Wang. Competing interests: AV, MC, and APP report grants from Metabiota Inc outside the submitted work.
Group:COVID-19
Funders:
Funding AgencyGrant Number
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)1U01IP001122
NIHR35GM119582
Helmholtz FoundationUNSPECIFIED
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)UNSPECIFIED
Gary Clinard Innovation FundUNSPECIFIED
University of GeorgiaUNSPECIFIED
GoogleUNSPECIFIED
FacebookUNSPECIFIED
NSFDEB-2035360
NSFDEB-2035361
Gordon and Betty Moore FoundationUNSPECIFIED
Rockefeller FoundationUNSPECIFIED
Klaus Tschira FoundationUNSPECIFIED
NIHP2CHD066613
NSFDMS-2027369
Morris-Singer FoundationUNSPECIFIED
NSFIII-1812699
Wellcome Trust210758/Z/18/Z
William W. George EndowmentUNSPECIFIED
Virginia C. and Joseph C. Mello EndowmentUNSPECIFIED
NSFDGE-1650044
NSFMRI-1828187
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)U01CK000531
NSFCCF-1918770
NSFIIS-2028586
NSFIIS-2027862
NSFIIS-1955883
NSFIIS-2106961
NSFCCF-2115126
Oak Ridge National LaboratoryUNSPECIFIED
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)U01CK000594
University of IowaUNSPECIFIED
Bill and Melinda Gates FoundationUNSPECIFIED
State of WashingtonUNSPECIFIED
NSFDEB-2031096
Wellcome Trust219415
NSFDMS-1916204
Iowa State UniversityUNSPECIFIED
NSFCCF-1934884
NSFDEB-2108526
NSFCMMI-2028604
State of CaliforniaUNSPECIFIED
Department of Health and Human ServicesUNSPECIFIED
Department of Homeland SecurityUNSPECIFIED
Johns Hopkins University5U01CK000538-03
University of Utah26798
NIHR01GM140564
Klaus Tschira FoundationUNSPECIFIED
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF)UNSPECIFIED
Baden-Württemberg Ministry of ScienceUNSPECIFIED
Laboratory Directed Research & Development (LDRD)20200700ER
NIHR01GM111510
Laboratory Directed Research & Development (LDRD)20220268ER
University of MassachusettsUNSPECIFIED
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)6U01IP001137-01
Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE)NU38OT000297
NSFDEB-2027718
NSFDEB-2031536
NSFDMR-2001411
NSFDMR-1835939
Fondation Privée des Hôpitaux Universitaires de GenèveUNSPECIFIED
NSFDMS-2028401
Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA)HR00111890043/P00004
NSFIIS-2029626
Google Faculty Research AwardW31P4Q-21-C-0014
NIHR35GM119582
NSFIIS-1749854
NIHR35GM119582
University of MichiganUNSPECIFIED
NSFDEB-2135784
NIH1R01GM109718
NSFIIS-1633028
NSFOAC-1916805
NSFCCF-1918656
NSFCCF-1917819
NSFCNS-2028004
NSFOAC-2027541
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)75D30119C05935
University of VirginiaSIF160
Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA)HDTRA1-19-D-0007
Virginia Department of HealthVDH-21-501-0141
United States Agency for International Development (USAID)UNSPECIFIED
Wadhwani AI72038620CA00006
WalmartUNSPECIFIED
PubMed Central ID:PMC8236414
DOI:10.1038/s41597-022-01517-w
Record Number:CaltechAUTHORS:20211105-194210514
Persistent URL:https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20211105-194210514
Official Citation:Cramer, E.Y., Huang, Y., Wang, Y. et al. The United States COVID-19 Forecast Hub dataset. Sci Data 9, 462 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01517-w
Usage Policy:No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.
ID Code:111773
Collection:CaltechAUTHORS
Deposited By: Tony Diaz
Deposited On:05 Nov 2021 21:12
Last Modified:01 Aug 2022 21:38

Repository Staff Only: item control page