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Facilitation of Stepping with Epidural Stimulation in Spinal Rats: Role of Sensory Input

Lavrov, Igor and Courtine, Grégoire and Dy, Christine J. and van den Brand, Rubia and Fong, Andy J. and Gerasimenko, Yury and Zhong, Hui and Roy, Roland R. and Edgerton, V. Reggie (2008) Facilitation of Stepping with Epidural Stimulation in Spinal Rats: Role of Sensory Input. Journal of Neuroscience, 28 (31). pp. 7774-7780. ISSN 0270-6474. PMCID PMC2897701. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1069-08.2008. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:LAVjns08b

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Abstract

We investigated the role of afferent information during recovery of coordinated rhythmic activity of the hindlimbs in rats with a complete spinal cord section (approximately T8) and unilateral deafferentation (T12–S2) to answer the following questions: (1) Can bilateral stepping be generated with only afferent projections intact on one side? (2) Can the sensory input from the non-deafferented side compensate for the loss of the afferent input from the deafferented side through the crossed connections within the lumbosacral spinal cord? (3) Which afferent projections to the spinal cord from the non-deafferented side predominantly mediate the effect of epidural stimulation to facilitate stepping? Recovery of stepping ability was tested under the facilitating influence of epidural stimulation at the S1 spinal segment, or epidural stimulation plus quipazine, a 5-HT agonist. All chronic spinal rats were able to generate stepping-like patterns on a moving treadmill on the non-deafferented, but not deafferented, side from 3 to 7 weeks after surgery when facilitated by epidural stimulation. Adaptation to the loss of unilateral afferent input was evident at 7 weeks after surgery, when some movements occurred on the deafferented side. Spinal-cord-evoked potentials were observed on both sides, although middle (monosynaptic) and late (long latency) responses were more prominent on the non-deafferented side. The afferent information arising from the non-deafferented side, however, eventually could mediate limited restoration of hindlimb movements on the deafferented side. These data suggest that facilitation of stepping with epidural stimulation is mediated primarily through ipsilateral afferents that project to the locomotor networks.


Item Type:Article
Related URLs:
URLURL TypeDescription
http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1069-08.2008DOIArticle
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc2897701/PubMed CentralArticle
Additional Information:© 2008 Society for Neuroscience. Received March 11, 2008; revised May 17, 2008; accepted June 9, 2008. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant NS16333, Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR)–U.S. Civilian Research and Development Foundation 07-04-91106, RFBR 07-04-00526, and the Christopher Reeve Paralysis Foundation (Spinal Cord Consortium, Springfield, NJ). We thank Sharon Zdunowski for technical assistance and constructive comments, and Maynor Herrera for excellent animal care. The authors declare no competing financial interests.
Funders:
Funding AgencyGrant Number
NIHNS16333
Russian Foundation for Basic Research-U.S. Civilian Research and Development Foundation07-04-91106
Russian Foundation for Basic Research07-04-00526
Christopher Reeve Paralysis FoundationUNSPECIFIED
Subject Keywords:spinal cord; spinal cord injury; deafferentation; synaptic plasticity; spinal cord stimulation; CPG
Issue or Number:31
PubMed Central ID:PMC2897701
DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1069-08.2008
Record Number:CaltechAUTHORS:LAVjns08b
Persistent URL:https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:LAVjns08b
Usage Policy:No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.
ID Code:11365
Collection:CaltechAUTHORS
Deposited By: Archive Administrator
Deposited On:07 Aug 2008 22:04
Last Modified:08 Nov 2021 21:57

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