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Tidal Evolution and Diffusive Growth During High-eccentricity Planet Migration: Revisiting the Eccentricity Distribution of Hot Jupiters

Yu, Hang and Weinberg, Nevin N. and Arras, Phil (2022) Tidal Evolution and Diffusive Growth During High-eccentricity Planet Migration: Revisiting the Eccentricity Distribution of Hot Jupiters. Astrophysical Journal, 928 (2). Art. No. 140. ISSN 0004-637X. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac5627. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220427-929627300

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Abstract

High-eccentricity tidal migration is a potential formation channel for hot Jupiters. During this process, the planetary f-mode may experience a phase of diffusive growth, allowing its energy to quickly build up to large values. In Yu et al., we demonstrated that nonlinear mode interactions between a parent f-mode and daughter f- and p-modes expand the parameter space over which the diffusive growth of the parent is triggered. We extend that study by incorporating (1) the angular momentum transfer between the orbit and the mode, and consequently the evolution of the pericenter distance; (2) a prescription to regulate the nonlinear frequency shift at high parent mode energies; and (3) dissipation of the parent's energy due to both turbulent convective damping of the daughter modes and strongly nonlinear wave-breaking events. The new ingredients allow us to follow the coupled evolution of the mode and orbit over ≳10⁴ yr, covering the diffusive evolution from its onset to its termination. We find that the semimajor axis shrinks by a factor of nearly 10 over 10⁴ yr, corresponding to a tidal quality factor Q ~ 10. The f-mode's diffusive growth terminates while the eccentricity is still high, at around e = 0.8–0.95. Using these results, we revisit the eccentricity distribution of proto-hot Jupiters. We estimate that less than 1 proto-HJ with eccentricity > 0.9 should be expected in Kepler's data once the diffusive regime is accounted for, explaining the observed paucity of this population.


Item Type:Article
Related URLs:
URLURL TypeDescription
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac5627DOIArticle
https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.04649arXivDiscussion Paper
ORCID:
AuthorORCID
Yu, Hang0000-0002-6011-6190
Weinberg, Nevin N.0000-0001-9194-2084
Arras, Phil0000-0001-5611-1349
Additional Information:© 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. Received 2021 November 4; revised 2022 February 11; accepted 2022 February 15; published 2022 April 4. We thank Fei Dai for helpful discussions and comments during the preparation of the manuscript. This work was supported by NSF grant No. AST-2054353. H.Y. acknowledges the support of the Sherman Fairchild Foundation.
Group:TAPIR, Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics
Funders:
Funding AgencyGrant Number
NSFAST-2054353
Sherman Fairchild FoundationUNSPECIFIED
Subject Keywords:Exoplanets; Hot Jupiters; Exoplanet tides; Exoplanet migration; Hydrodynamics
Issue or Number:2
Classification Code:Unified Astronomy Thesaurus concepts: Exoplanets (498); Hot Jupiters (753); Exoplanet tides (497); Exoplanet migration (2205); Hydrodynamics (1963)
DOI:10.3847/1538-4357/ac5627
Record Number:CaltechAUTHORS:20220427-929627300
Persistent URL:https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220427-929627300
Official Citation:Hang Yu et al 2022 ApJ 928 140
Usage Policy:No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided.
ID Code:114495
Collection:CaltechAUTHORS
Deposited By: Tony Diaz
Deposited On:27 Apr 2022 23:32
Last Modified:27 Apr 2022 23:32

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