Ananna, Tonima Tasnim and Weigel, Anna K. and Trakhtenbrot, Benny and Koss, Michael J. and Urry, C. Megan and Ricci, Claudio and Hickox, Ryan C. and Treister, Ezequiel and Bauer, Franz E. and Ueda, Yoshihiro and Mushotzky, Richard and Ricci, Federica and Oh, Kyuseok and Mejía-Restrepo, Julian E. and den Brok, Jakob and Stern, Daniel and Powell, Meredith C. and Caglar, Turgay and Ichikawa, Kohei and Wong, O. Ivy and Harrison, Fiona A. and Schawinski, Kevin (2022) BASS. XXX. Distribution Functions of DR2 Eddington Ratios, Black Hole Masses, and X-Ray Luminosities. Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 261 (1). Art. No. 9. ISSN 0067-0049. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ac5b64. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220727-44653000
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Abstract
We determine the low-redshift X-ray luminosity function, active black hole mass function (BHMF), and Eddington ratio distribution function (ERDF) for both unobscured (Type 1) and obscured (Type 2) active galactic nuclei (AGNs), using the unprecedented spectroscopic completeness of the BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey (BASS) data release 2. In addition to a straightforward 1/Vₘₐₓ approach, we also compute the intrinsic distributions, accounting for sample truncation by employing a forward-modeling approach to recover the observed BHMF and ERDF. As previous BHMFs and ERDFs have been robustly determined only for samples of bright, broad-line (Type 1) AGNs and/or quasars, ours are the first directly observationally constrained BHMF and ERDF of Type 2 AGNs. We find that after accounting for all observational biases, the intrinsic ERDF of Type 2 AGNs is significantly more skewed toward lower Eddington ratios than the intrinsic ERDF of Type 1 AGNs. This result supports the radiation-regulated unification scenario, in which radiation pressure dictates the geometry of the dusty obscuring structure around an AGN. Calculating the ERDFs in two separate mass bins, we verify that the derived shape is consistent, validating the assumption that the ERDF (shape) is mass-independent. We report the local AGN duty cycle as a function of mass and Eddington ratio, by comparing the BASS active BHMF with the local mass function for all supermassive black holes. We also present the log N − log S of the Swift/BAT 70 month sources.
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| Additional Information: | © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. Received 2021 July 4; revised 2022 January 20; accepted 2022 February 5; published 2022 July 15. The BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey Data Release 2. We thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive and detailed comments, which helped us improve the quality of this paper. T.T.A. and R.C.H. acknowledge support from NASA, through ADAP award 80NSSC19K0580. R.C.H. also acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation, through CAREER award 1554584. B.T. acknowledges support from the Israel Science Foundation (grant No. 1849/19) and from the European Research Council (ERC), under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement number 950533). M.K. acknowledges support from NASA, through ADAP award NNH16CT03C. C.M.U. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation, under grant No. AST-1715512. C.R. acknowledges support from the Fondecyt Iniciacion, grant 11190831. We acknowledge support from ANID-Chile Basal AFB-170002 and FB210003 (E.T., F.E.B.), FONDECYT Regular 1200495 and 1190818 (E.T., F.E.B.), ANID Anillo ACT172033 (E.T.), Millennium Nucleus NCN19_058 (TITANs; E.T.), and the Millennium Science Initiative Program—ICN12_009 (F.E.B.). K.O. acknowledges support from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2020R1C1C1005462). The work of K.I. is supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI (18K13584, 20H01939). J.d.B. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC), under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No.726384/Empire). This work was performed in part at the Aspen Center for Physics, which is supported by National Science Foundation grant PHY-1607611. This research made use of Astropy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013; Price-Whelan et al. 2018), Matplotlib (Hunter 2007), Emcee (Foreman-Mackey et al. 2013), NumPy (van der Walt et al. 2011), Topcat (Taylor 2005), xpec and pyxpsec (Arnaud 1996), and ChainConsumer (Hinton 2016). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Group: | Astronomy Department, Space Radiation Laboratory | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Subject Keywords: | Supermassive black holes; Quasars; Active galactic nuclei; High energy astrophysics; Active galaxies; X-ray active galactic nuclei; X-ray surveys; Luminosity function; Accretion | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issue or Number: | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Classification Code: | Unified Astronomy Thesaurus concepts: Supermassive black holes (1663); Quasars (1319); Active galactic nuclei (16); High energy astrophysics (739); Active galaxies (17); X-ray active galactic nuclei (2035); X-ray surveys (1824); Luminosity function (942); | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DOI: | 10.3847/1538-4365/ac5b64 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20220727-44653000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20220727-44653000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Official Citation: | Tonima Tasnim Ananna et al 2022 ApJS 261 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ID Code: | 115882 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposited By: | George Porter | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposited On: | 29 Jul 2022 15:32 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Last Modified: | 29 Jul 2022 17:25 |
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