Shu, Manli and Nie, Weili and Huang, De-An and Yu, Zhiding and Goldstein, Tom and Anandkumar, Anima and Xiao, Chaowei (2022) Test-Time Prompt Tuning for Zero-Shot Generalization in Vision-Language Models. . (Unpublished) https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20221221-004651204
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Abstract
Pre-trained vision-language models (e.g., CLIP) have shown promising zero-shot generalization in many downstream tasks with properly designed text prompts. Instead of relying on hand-engineered prompts, recent works learn prompts using the training data from downstream tasks. While effective, training on domain-specific data reduces a model's generalization capability to unseen new domains. In this work, we propose test-time prompt tuning (TPT), a method that can learn adaptive prompts on the fly with a single test sample. For image classification, TPT optimizes the prompt by minimizing the entropy with confidence selection so that the model has consistent predictions across different augmented views of each test sample. In evaluating generalization to natural distribution shifts, TPT improves the zero-shot top-1 accuracy of CLIP by 3.6% on average, surpassing previous prompt tuning approaches that require additional task-specific training data. In evaluating cross-dataset generalization with unseen categories, TPT performs on par with the state-of-the-art approaches that use additional training data. Project page: https://azshue.github.io/TPT
Item Type: | Report or Paper (Discussion Paper) | ||||||||
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Additional Information: | This work was supported by Nvidia Research. Shu and Goldstein were supported by the ONR MURI program and DARPA GARD. | ||||||||
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DOI: | 10.48550/arXiv.2209.07511 | ||||||||
Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20221221-004651204 | ||||||||
Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20221221-004651204 | ||||||||
Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | ||||||||
ID Code: | 118544 | ||||||||
Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | ||||||||
Deposited By: | George Porter | ||||||||
Deposited On: | 22 Dec 2022 18:54 | ||||||||
Last Modified: | 02 Jun 2023 01:29 |
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