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Olivine in Martian meteorite Allan Hills 84001: Evidence for a high-temperature origin and implications for signs of life

Shearer, C. K. and Leshin, L. A. and Adcock, C. T. (1999) Olivine in Martian meteorite Allan Hills 84001: Evidence for a high-temperature origin and implications for signs of life. Meteoritics and Planetary Science, 34 (3). pp. 331-339. ISSN 1086-9379. doi:10.1111/j.1945-5100.1999.tb01343.x. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20230307-650618000.73

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Abstract

Olivine from Martian meteorite Allan Hills (ALH) 84001 occurs as clusters within orthopyroxene adjacent to fractures containing disrupted carbonate globules and feldspathic shock glass. The inclusions are irregular in shape and range in size from ∼40 μm to submicrometer. Some of the inclusions are elongate and boudinage-like. The olivine grains are in sharp contact with the enclosing orthopyroxene and often contain small inclusions of chromite. The olivine exhibits a very limited range of composition from Fo₆₅ to Fo₆₆ (n = 25). The δ¹⁸O values of the olivine and orthopyroxene analyzed by ion microprobe range from +4.3 to +5.3‰ and are indistinguishable from each other within analytical uncertainty. The mineral chemistries, O-isotopic data, and textural relationships indicate that the olivine inclusions were produced at a temperature >800 °C. It is unlikely that the olivines formed during the same event that gave rise to the carbonates in ALH 84001, which have more elevated and variable δ¹⁸O values, and were probably formed from fluids that were not in isotopic equilibrium with the orthopyroxene or olivine. The reactions most likely instrumental in the formation of olivine could be either the dehydration of hydrous silicates that formed during carbonate precipitation or the reduction of orthopyroxene and spinel. If the olivine was formed by either reaction during a postcarbonate heating event, the implications are profound with regards to the interpretations of McKay et al. (1996). Due to the low diffusion rates in carbonates, this rapid, high-temperature event would have resulted in the preservation of the fine-scale carbonate zoning, while partially devolatilizing select carbonate compositions on a submicrometer scale (Brearley, 1998a). This may have resulted in the formation of the minute magnetite grains that McKay et al. (1996) attributed to biogenic activity.


Item Type:Article
Related URLs:
URLURL TypeDescription
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1945-5100.1999.tb01343.xDOIArticle
Additional Information:This research was funded by NASA grant NAG5-6105 and the Institute of Meteoritics. We are indebted to Allan Treiman and H. Palme for their insightful reviews of this manuscript. We also wish to thank Ludolf Schultz for acting as the Associate Editor on this manuscript. This manuscript was also improved through discussions with Chris Herd, Adrian Brearley, and Jim Papike.
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Funding AgencyGrant Number
NASANAG5-6105
University of New MexicoUNSPECIFIED
Issue or Number:3
DOI:10.1111/j.1945-5100.1999.tb01343.x
Record Number:CaltechAUTHORS:20230307-650618000.73
Persistent URL:https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20230307-650618000.73
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ID Code:119788
Collection:CaltechAUTHORS
Deposited By: George Porter
Deposited On:08 Mar 2023 18:24
Last Modified:08 Mar 2023 18:24

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