Sellgren, Kris and Werner, Michael W. and Ingalls, James G. and Smith, J. D. T. and Carleton, T. M. and Joblin, Christine (2010) C_(60) in Reflection Nebulae. Astrophysical Journal Letters, 722 (1). L54-L57. ISSN 2041-8205. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101026-121324478
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Abstract
The fullerene C_(60) has four infrared-active vibrational transitions at 7.0, 8.5, 17.4, and 18.9 μm. We have previously observed emission features at 17.4 and 18.9 μm in the reflection nebula NGC 7023 and demonstrated spatial correlations suggestive of a common origin. We now confirm our earlier identification of these features with C_(60) by detecting a third emission feature at 7.04 ± 0.05 μm in NGC 7023. We also report the detection of these three C_(60) features in the reflection nebula NGC 2023. Our spectroscopic mapping of NGC 7023 shows that the 18.9 μm C_(60) feature peaks on the central star and that the 16.4 μm emission feature due to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons peaks between the star and a nearby photodissociation front. The observed features in NGC 7023 are consistent with emission from UV-excited gas-phase C_(60). We find that 0.1%-0.6% of interstellar carbon is in C_(60); this abundance is consistent with those from previous upper limits and possible fullerene detections in the interstellar medium (ISM). This is the first firm detection of neutral C_(60) in the ISM.
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| Additional Information: | © 2010 American Astronomical Society. Received 2010 August 6; accepted 2010 September 2; published 2010 September 17. We thank Nick Abel, Lou Allamandola, Bruce Draine, Alain Léger, and Farid Salama for useful conversations, Dominique Toublanc for support with the Monte Carlo code, and Mike Jura for suggesting the C_60 identification. This work is based on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. Support for this work was provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech. Facilities: Spitzer (IRS) | |||||||||
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| Subject Keywords: | ISM: individual objects (NGC 7023, NGC 2023); ISM: lines and bands; ISM: molecules; line: identification | |||||||||
| Issue or Number: | 1 | |||||||||
| Classification Code: | PACS: 98.38.Hv; 95.85.Kr; 98.38.Am; 95.30.Ft; 98.38.Bn | |||||||||
| Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20101026-121324478 | |||||||||
| Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20101026-121324478 | |||||||||
| Official Citation: | Kris Sellgren et al 2010 ApJ 722 L54 doi: 10.1088/2041-8205/722/1/L54 | |||||||||
| Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | |||||||||
| ID Code: | 20543 | |||||||||
| Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | |||||||||
| Deposited By: | Jason Perez | |||||||||
| Deposited On: | 26 Oct 2010 20:21 | |||||||||
| Last Modified: | 14 Nov 2019 23:53 |
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