Nonlinear seismic behaviour of steel planar moment-resisting frames

Abstract

The nonlinear response of steel planar moment-resisting frames during strong earthquakes poses a strong need for accurately modelling inelastic behaviour and large displacements. This thesis attempts to provide realistic and efficient analytical tools to aid this study. Two large -displacement small-strain beam-column models are employed to include material and geometric nonlinearities. The first model assumes lumped plasticity, and discretises an element into segments. Axial force-Bending Moment strength interaction and flexural bowing are considered. Ten characteristic segment states are identified. An efficient numerical scheme is suggested to solve the nonlinear governing equations. This model only approximately represents the strength and stiffness of beam-columns. A comprehensive finite element beam-column model is developed to more accurately model the strength and stiffness. A beam-column is discretised into segments, and further, each segment into one-dimensional fibres. A uniaxial cyclic constitutive law valid under arbitrary transient loading is proposed for structural steel. This physically motivated law incorporates the initial yield plateau, and provides explicit expressions for stress in terms of strain throughout the hysteretic path. This law is used to control the hysteretic loading of fibres. A simple semi-empirical model is employed to analytically describe the highly nonlinear hysteretic behaviour of flexible joint panel zones in steel planar frames. Some modelling assumptions that may be made in frame analyses are evaluated. Numerical study of a building frame with flexible joints indicates that its collapse is sensitive to the joint panel zone design in addition to the ground motion.