Wang, Zhehui and Morris, Christopher L. and Gray, F. E. and Bacon, J. D. and Brockwell, M. I. and Chang, D. Y. and Chung, K. and Dai, W. G. and Greene, S. J. and Hogan, G. E. and Lisowski, P. W. and Makela, M. F. and Mariam, F. G. and McGaughey, P. L. and Mendenhall, M. and Milner, E. C. and Miyadera, H. and Murray, M. M. and Perry, J. O. and Roybal, J. D. and Saunders, A. and Spaulding, R. J. and You, Z. (2013) High-pressure ^4He drift tubes for fissile material detection. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 703 . pp. 91-97. ISSN 0168-9002. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2012.11.019. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20130328-075745668
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Abstract
A detector efficiency model based on energy extraction from neutrons is described and used to compare ^4He detectors with liquid scintillators (EJ301/NE-213). Detector efficiency can be divided into three regimes: single neutron scattering, multiple neutron scattering, and a transition regime in-between. For an average fission neutron of 2 MeV, the amount of ^4He needed would be about 1/4 of the amount of the mass of EJ301/NE-213 in the single-scattering regime. For about 50% neutron energy extraction (1 MeV out of 2 MeV), the two types of detectors (^4He in the transition regime, EJ301 still in the single-scattering regime) have comparable mass, but ^4He detectors can be much larger depending on the number density. A six-tube 11-bar-pressure ^4He detector prototype is built and tested. Individual electrical pulses from the detector are recorded using a 12-bit digitizer. Differences in pulse rise time and amplitudes, due to different energy loss of neutrons and gamma rays, are used for neutron/gamma separation. Several energy spectra are also obtained and analyzed.
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| Additional Information: | © 2012 Elsevier B.V. Received 20 July 2012. Received in revised form 20 October 2012. Accepted 6 November 2012. Available online 17 November 2012. This work was supported in part by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) of the Department of Defense. | |||||||||
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| Subject Keywords: | Sealed high-pressure 4He drift tubes; Scalable; Neutron detection efficiency; Pulse-shape discrimination; FPGA waveform digitizer | |||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.nima.2012.11.019 | |||||||||
| Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20130328-075745668 | |||||||||
| Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20130328-075745668 | |||||||||
| Official Citation: | Zhehui Wang, Christopher L. Morris, F.E. Gray, J.D. Bacon, M.I. Brockwell, D.Y. Chang, K. Chung, W.G. Dai, S.J. Greene, G.E. Hogan, P.W. Lisowski, M.F. Makela, F.G. Mariam, P.L. McGaughey, M. Mendenhall, E.C. Milner, H. Miyadera, M.M. Murray, J.O. Perry, J.D. Roybal, A. Saunders, R.J. Spaulding, Z. You, High-pressure 4He drift tubes for fissile material detection, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Volume 703, 1 March 2013, Pages 91-97, ISSN 0168-9002, 10.1016/j.nima.2012.11.019. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168900212013538) | |||||||||
| Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | |||||||||
| ID Code: | 37660 | |||||||||
| Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | |||||||||
| Deposited By: | Ruth Sustaita | |||||||||
| Deposited On: | 28 Mar 2013 15:38 | |||||||||
| Last Modified: | 09 Nov 2021 23:30 |
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