Bluestein, Danny and Rambod, Edmond and Gharib, Morteza (2000) Vortex Shedding as a Mechanism for Free Emboli Formation in Mechanical Heart Valves. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 122 (2). pp. 125-134. ISSN 0148-0731. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20130911-145121721
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Abstract
The high incidence of thromboembolic complications of mechanical heart valves (MHV) limits their success as permanent implants. The thrombogenicity of all MHV is primarily due to platelet activation by contact with foreign surfaces and by nonphysiological flow patterns. The latter include elevated flow stresses and regions of recirculation of blood that are induced by valve design characteristics. A numerical simulation of unsteady turbulent flow through a bileaflet MHV was conducted, using the Wilcox k–ω turbulence model for internal low-Reynolds-number flows, and compared to quantitative flow visualization performed in a pulse duplicator system using Digital Particle Image Velocimetry (DPIV). The wake of the valve leaflet during the deceleration phase revealed an intricate pattern of interacting shed vortices. Particle paths showed that platelets that were exposed to the highest flow stresses around the leaflets were entrapped within the shed vortices. Potentially activated, such platelets may tend to aggregate and form free emboli. Once formed, such free emboli would be convected downstream by the shed vortices, increasing the risk of systemic emboli.
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| Additional Information: | © 2000 by ASME. Contributed by the Bioengineering Division for publication in the Journal of Biomechanical Engineering. Manuscript received by the Bioengineering Division December 9, 1998; revised manuscript received November 3, 1999. Associate Technical Editor: J. B. Grotberg. This work was supported in part by a grant-in-aid, No. 9706333A from the American Heart Association, New York State Affiliate, Inc. (DB), and by a Scientist Development Grant 9930165N from the American Heart Association (DB). | |||||||||
| Group: | GALCIT | |||||||||
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| Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20130911-145121721 | |||||||||
| Persistent URL: | http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20130911-145121721 | |||||||||
| Official Citation: | Bluestein D, Rambod E, Gharib M. Vortex Shedding as a Mechanism for Free Emboli Formation in Mechanical Heart Valves. J Biomech Eng. 1999;122(2):125-134. doi:10.1115/1.429634 | |||||||||
| Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | |||||||||
| ID Code: | 41258 | |||||||||
| Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | |||||||||
| Deposited By: | Tony Diaz | |||||||||
| Deposited On: | 11 Sep 2013 22:15 | |||||||||
| Last Modified: | 30 Sep 2016 17:35 |
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