Lee, Seung Hoon and Kim, Hyeon-Don and Choi, Hyun Joo and Kang, Byungsoo and Cho, Yong Rae and Min, Bumki (2013) Broadband Modulation of Terahertz Waves With Non-Resonant Graphene Meta-Devices. IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, 3 (6). pp. 764-771. ISSN 2156-342X. doi:10.1109/TTHZ.2013.2285615. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140107-101008085
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Abstract
Single-layer graphene absorbs a small fraction of incident terahertz waves by intraband transition of Dirac fermions. The amounts of absorption, reflection, and transmission of terahertz waves depend on the doping level of graphene, i.e., the Fermi level, and they exhibit relatively weak frequency dependency at terahertz frequencies. By hybridizing gated single-layer graphene with a non-resonant meta-atom structure, we show that the effective surface conductivity of meta-atom hybridized graphene can be significantly enhanced, and large intensity modulation of transmitted terahertz waves can be achieved without sacrificing the broadband modulation feature of single-layer graphene. For a frequency insensitive response, the meta-atoms are designed so that their resonance is positioned outside the frequencies of interest. Exploiting the enhanced effective surface conductivity with a non-resonant feature, larger modulation was possible over broad operating frequency from 0.3 to 2.3 THz. We anticipate that this electrically controlled graphene meta-device may play an important role in the realization of practical terahertz modulators.
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Additional Information: | © 2013 IEEE. Manuscript received July 24, 2013; revised October 07, 2013; accepted October 08, 2013. Date of publication November 08, 2013; date of current version November 22, 2013. This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) under NRF-2012R1A2A1A03670391, 2013-050154 and by the World Class Institute (WCI) Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea (MEST) under (NRF Grant WCI 2011-001, and in part by the Center for Integrated Smart Sensors funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning as Global Frontier Project under CISS-2012-054188. The authors wish to thank M. Choi and T-T. Kim for the helpful comments on the manuscript, and Y. Kim for supporting the simulations. | ||||||||||||||||
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Subject Keywords: | Electro-optic devices; electro-optic modulators; metamaterials | ||||||||||||||||
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Issue or Number: | 6 | ||||||||||||||||
DOI: | 10.1109/TTHZ.2013.2285615 | ||||||||||||||||
Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20140107-101008085 | ||||||||||||||||
Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140107-101008085 | ||||||||||||||||
Official Citation: | Seung Hoon Lee; Hyeon-Don Kim; Hyun Joo Choi; Byungsoo Kang; Yong Rae Cho; Bumki Min, "Broadband Modulation of Terahertz Waves With Non-Resonant Graphene Meta-Devices," Terahertz Science and Technology, IEEE Transactions on , vol.3, no.6, pp.764,771, Nov. 2013 doi: 10.1109/TTHZ.2013.2285615 URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6658933&isnumber=6666060 | ||||||||||||||||
Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | ||||||||||||||||
ID Code: | 43245 | ||||||||||||||||
Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | ||||||||||||||||
Deposited By: | Tony Diaz | ||||||||||||||||
Deposited On: | 08 Jan 2014 20:50 | ||||||||||||||||
Last Modified: | 10 Nov 2021 16:35 |
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