Swinyard, B. M. and Polehampton, E. T. and Hopwood, R. and Valtchanov, I. and Lu, N. and Fulton, T. and Benielli, D. and Imhof, P. and Marchili, N. and Baluteau, J. -P. and Bendo, G. J. and Ferlet, M. and Griffin, M. J. and Lim, T. L. and Makiwa, G. and Naylor, D. A. and Orton, G. S. and Papageorgiou, A. and Pearson, C. P. and Schulz, B. and Sidher, S. D. and Spencer, L. D. and van der Wiel, M. H. D. and Wu, R. (2014) Calibration of the Herschel SPIRE Fourier Transform Spectrometer. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 440 (4). pp. 3658-3674. ISSN 0035-8711. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu409. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140620-085551689
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Abstract
The Herschel Spectral and Photometric REceiver (SPIRE) instrument consists of an imaging photometric camera and an imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS), both operating over a frequency range of ∼450–1550 GHz. In this paper, we briefly review the FTS design, operation, and data reduction, and describe in detail the approach taken to relative calibration (removal of instrument signatures) and absolute calibration against standard astronomical sources. The calibration scheme assumes a spatially extended source and uses the Herschel telescope as primary calibrator. Conversion from extended to point-source calibration is carried out using observations of the planet Uranus. The model of the telescope emission is shown to be accurate to within 6 per cent and repeatable to better than 0.06 per cent and, by comparison with models of Mars and Neptune, the Uranus model is shown to be accurate to within 3 per cent. Multiple observations of a number of point-like sources show that the repeatability of the calibration is better than 1 per cent, if the effects of the satellite absolute pointing error (APE) are corrected. The satellite APE leads to a decrement in the derived flux, which can be up to ∼10 per cent (1 σ) at the high-frequency end of the SPIRE range in the first part of the mission, and ∼4 per cent after Herschel operational day 1011. The lower frequency range of the SPIRE band is unaffected by this pointing error due to the larger beam size. Overall, for well-pointed, point-like sources, the absolute flux calibration is better than 6 per cent, and for extended sources where mapping is required it is better than 7 per cent.
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Additional Information: | © 2014 The Authors. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. Accepted 2014 February 28; received 2014 February 28; in original form 2013 October 7. Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA. We thank the referee for their thoughtful comments which helped improve the paper. SPIRE has been developed by a consortium of institutes led by Cardiff Univ. (UK) and including: Univ. Lethbridge (Canada); NAOC (China); CEA, LAM (France); IFSI, Univ. Padua (Italy); IAC (Spain); Stockholm Observatory (Sweden); Imperial College London, RAL, UCL-MSSL, UKATC, Univ. Sussex (UK); and Caltech, JPL, NHSC, Univ. Colorado (USA). This development has been supported by national funding agencies: CSA (Canada); NAOC (China); CEA, CNES, CNRS (France); ASI (Italy); MCINN (Spain); SNSB (Sweden); STFC, UKSA (UK); and NASA (USA). NM is funded by an ASI fellowship under contract number I/005/11/0. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Group: | Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Subject Keywords: | instrumentation: spectrographs; space vehicles: instruments; techniques: spectroscopic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issue or Number: | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
DOI: | 10.1093/mnras/stu409 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20140620-085551689 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140620-085551689 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Official Citation: | Swinyard, B. M., Polehampton, E. T., Hopwood, R., Valtchanov, I., Lu, N., Fulton, T., . . . Wu, R. (2014). Calibration of the Herschel SPIRE Fourier Transform Spectrometer. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 440(4), 3658-3674. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stu409 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
ID Code: | 46385 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposited By: | Jason Perez | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposited On: | 20 Jun 2014 20:50 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Last Modified: | 10 Nov 2021 17:24 |
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