Gutenberg, B. and Richter, C. F. (1956) Earthquake magnitude, intensity, energy, and acceleration (Second paper). Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 46 (2). pp. 105-145. ISSN 0037-1106. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140805-165542424
|
PDF
- Published Version
See Usage Policy. 2MB |
Use this Persistent URL to link to this item: https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140805-165542424
Abstract
This supersedes Paper 1 (Gutenberg and Richter, 1942). Additional data are presented. Revisions involving intensity and acceleration are minor. The equation log a = I/3 − 1/2 is retained. The magnitude-energy relation is revised as follows: log E = 9.4 + 2.14 M – 0.054 M^2 (20). A numerical equivalent, for M from 1 to 8.6, is log E = 9.1 + 1.75 M + log (9-m) (21). Equation (20) is based on log (A_0/T_0) = -0.76 + 0.91 M – 0.027M^2 (7) applying at an assumed point epicenter. Eq. (7) is derived empirically from readings of torsion seismometers and USCGS accelerographs. Amplitudes at the USCGS locations have been divided by an average factor of 2 1/2 to compensate for difference in ground; previously this correction was neglected, and log E was overestimated by 0.8. The terms M2 are due partly to the response of the torsion seismometers as affected by increase of ground period with M, partly to the use of surface waves to determine M. If MS results from surface waves, MB from body waves, approximately M_S – M_B = 0.4 (M_S – 7) (27). It appears that MB corresponds more closely to the magnitude scale determined for local earthquakes. A complete revision of the magnitude scale, with appropriate tables and charts, is in preparation. This will probably be based on A/T rather than amplitudes.
Item Type: | Article | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Related URLs: |
| ||||||
Additional Information: | Copyright © 1956, by the Seismological Society of America. The authors are indebted to Dr. H. Benioff for much helpful discussion. | ||||||
Other Numbering System: |
| ||||||
Issue or Number: | 2 | ||||||
Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20140805-165542424 | ||||||
Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20140805-165542424 | ||||||
Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | ||||||
ID Code: | 48033 | ||||||
Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | ||||||
Deposited By: | George Porter | ||||||
Deposited On: | 06 Aug 2014 15:43 | ||||||
Last Modified: | 03 Oct 2019 06:59 |
Repository Staff Only: item control page