Table 2. Duration of Supersonic Flow at the Vent and the Formation Time of the Mach Disk Shock for the Systems Considered in This Studya System Pr(0)/Pa tde tMDS Laboratory nitrogen jet 150 19 ms 36 mus Laboratory nitrogen jet 40 12 ms 36 mus Laboratory helium jet 150 7 ms - Laboratory helium jet 40 4 ms - vulcanian 100 65 s ~1 s vulcanian (steam) 100 7 s - Mount St. Helens 100 84 s 12 s Mount St. Helens 150 93 s 12 s Mount St. Helens 250 104 s 12 s aHere tde is the duration of supersonic flow at the vent and tMDS is the formation time of the Mach disk shock. Data for laboratory reservoirs with Vr/An = 1.0 mm are shown.