Rousseau, Carl-Ernst and Rosakis, Ares J. (2003) On the influence of fault bends on the growth of sub-Rayleigh and intersonic dynamic shear ruptures. Journal of Geophysical Research B, 108 (B9). Art. No. 2411. ISSN 0148-0227. doi:10.1029/2002JB002310. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141027-105249515
|
PDF
- Published Version
See Usage Policy. 626kB |
Use this Persistent URL to link to this item: https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141027-105249515
Abstract
Earthquake ruptures are modeled as dynamically propagating shear cracks with the aim of gaining insight into the physical mechanisms governing their arrest or, otherwise, the often-observed variations in rupture speeds. Fault bends have been proposed as being the main cause for these variations. Following this line of reasoning, the existence of deviations from fault planarity is chosen as the main focus of this study. Asymmetric impact is used to generate shear loading and to propagate dynamic mode-II cracks along the bonded interfaces of two otherwise identical homogeneous constituents. Secondary paths inclined at various angles are also introduced to represent fault bends or kinks. The experiments show that certain fault bend inclinations are favored as alternate paths for rupture continuation, whereas others suppress further motion of the incoming rupture. The asymptotic elastodynamic stress fields at the tip of the growing rupture are used to develop two criteria (one energetic and one stress based) for rupture propagation or arrest at the kinked interfaces. These criteria correlate very well with the experimental results. Since most field evidence suggests that the average rupture speeds during crustal earthquakes are sub-Rayleigh, this work first focuses on incoming rupture speeds that are just below the Rayleigh wave speed. Reports of intersonic crustal fault rupture speeds having surfaced recently, experiments and analyses are also performed within that speed regime.
| Item Type: | Article | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Related URLs: |
| |||||||||
| ORCID: |
| |||||||||
| Additional Information: | Copyright 2003 by the American Geophysical Union. Received 15 November 2002; revised 27 March 2003; accepted 19 June 2003; published 4 September 2003. The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Office of Naval Research (Ship Structures Program), grant N00014-95-1-0453, as well as the support of the National Science Foundation (Geophysical Sciences Directorate) through grant EAR-0207873. Many helpful discussions with James Rice and Renata Dmowska of Harvard University, Hiroo Kanamori of Caltech, and Ruth Harris of the U.S. Geological Survey are also acknowledged. | |||||||||
| Group: | GALCIT | |||||||||
| Funders: |
| |||||||||
| Subject Keywords: | shear crack, wave propagation, dynamic fracture, fault bend, energy release rate, fault propagation criteria | |||||||||
| Issue or Number: | B9 | |||||||||
| Classification Code: | 7209 Seismology: Earthquake dynamics and mechanics; 7203 Seismology: Body wave propagation; 7260 Seismology: Theory and modeling; 8010 Structural Geology: Fractures and faults; 8020 Structural Geology: Mechanics | |||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1029/2002JB002310 | |||||||||
| Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20141027-105249515 | |||||||||
| Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141027-105249515 | |||||||||
| Official Citation: | Rousseau, C.-E., and A. J. Rosakis, On the influence of fault bends on the growth of sub-Rayleigh and intersonic dynamic shear ruptures, J. Geophys. Res., 108(B9), 2411, doi:10.1029/2002JB002310, 2003. | |||||||||
| Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | |||||||||
| ID Code: | 50846 | |||||||||
| Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | |||||||||
| Deposited By: | George Porter | |||||||||
| Deposited On: | 27 Oct 2014 19:39 | |||||||||
| Last Modified: | 10 Nov 2021 19:01 |
Repository Staff Only: item control page
