Table 5. Summary and Comparison of Patterns of Equilibrium Climate Response to Changes of Aerosol Direct Forcing and GHG Forcing From Present Day to Year 2100 Predicted in This Study DeltaAER DeltaGHG Surface Temperature Cooling in high aerosol burden regions; warming in northern high latitudes; small change in SH Warming globally with polar amplification (NH > SH) Interhemispheric Temperature Gradient Significant compared to the slight global mean temperature increase Not as significant compared to the large global mean warming Tropospheric Temperature and Relative Water Vapor Change Max. increase in NH high-latitude midtroposphere Max. increase in Tropical upper troposphere and northern high-latitude lower troposphere Hadley Circulation Strengthened in DJF and weakened in JJA Weakened (especially in DJF) except in the ascending branch in the convection zone Excess Precipitation and MC Cloud Changes confined to the Tropics (increase in north, decrease south of the Equator) Increase peaks in both the Tropics and middle to high latitudes Surface Energy Balance Reduction of SW flux in NH balanced by increase of downward SH flux and small decrease of upward LH flux Increase of downward LW flux, downward SH flux, and SW flux in high latitudes balanced by increase of upward LH flux