Kanamori, Hiroo (2001) Energy Budget of Earthquakes and Seismic Efficiency. In: Earthquake Thermodynamics and Phase Transformations in the Earth's Interior. International geophysics series. No.76. Academic Press , San Diego, CA, pp. 293-305. ISBN 9780080530659. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141110-152025599
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Abstract
An earthquake is a rupture process occurring in Earth's interior under tectonic stresses caused primarily by plate motion. During an earthquake, the stress on a fault changes in a complex fashion, and the potential energy (strain energy and gravitational energy) stored in Earth is released as seismic waves. The ratio of the released seismic wave energy to the potential energy is the seismic efficiency which is determined by how the stress changes as a function of time during seismic rupture. A traditional method to investigate the stress variation on the fault plane is to determine the rupture pattern and slip function on a fault plane by inversion of observed seismograms. The stress can be inferred from the slip function. However, a fault plane is mechanically heterogeneous and the rupture pattern is very complex in both space and time. As a result, it is not possible to determine every detail of the rupture pattern. Another approach to this problem is to examine the energy budget of earthquakes and the efficiency. The amount of radiated energy increases with the slip velocity, which is proportional to the driving stress. Thus, by measuring the total radiated energy, we can obtain useful information about the state of stress during seismic faulting. In this approach, we do not determine the details of slip function at every point on the fault but, instead, determine the total energy radiated from the entire fault. This is somewhat similar to determining thermodynamic parameters (pressure, temperature, etc.) of a system without determining the motion of individual molecules in it. We will take the latter approach to investigate the physical processes associated with earthquakes.
Item Type: | Book Section | ||||
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Additional Information: | © 2001 Academic Press. | ||||
Series Name: | International geophysics series | ||||
Issue or Number: | 76 | ||||
Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20141110-152025599 | ||||
Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141110-152025599 | ||||
Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | ||||
ID Code: | 51532 | ||||
Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | ||||
Deposited By: | Tony Diaz | ||||
Deposited On: | 11 Nov 2014 00:20 | ||||
Last Modified: | 09 Mar 2020 13:18 |
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