Gard, Eric E. and Kleeman, Michael J. and Gross, Deborah S. and Hughes, Lara S. and Allen, Jonathan O. and Morrical, Bradley D. and Fergenson, David P. and Dienes, Tas and Gälli, Markus E. and Johnson, Robert J. and Cass, Glen R. and Prather, Kimberly A. (1998) Direct Observation of Heterogeneous Chemistry in the Atmosphere. Science, 279 (5354). pp. 1184-1187. ISSN 0036-8075. doi:10.1126/science.279.5354.1184. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141124-115949168
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Abstract
The heterogeneous replacement of chloride by nitrate in individual sea-salt particles was monitored continuously over time in the troposphere with the use of aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Modeling calculations show that the observed chloride displacement process is consistent with a heterogeneous chemical reaction between sea-salt particles and gas-phase nitric acid, leading to sodium nitrate production in the particle phase accompanied by liberation of gaseous HCl from the particles. Such single-particle measurements, combined with a single-particle model, make it possible to monitor and explain heterogeneous gas/particle chemistry as it occurs in the atmosphere.
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| Additional Information: | © 1998 American Association for the Advancement of Science. Received 5 November 1997; accepted 20 January 1998. We thank R. A. Carlin, D.-Y. Liu, C. A. Noble, P. J. Silva, and S. H. Wood for assistance with ATOFMS data acquisition. In addition, we are grateful to R. Williams and M. Berg at California State University at Long Beach and B. Gill at California State University at Fullerton for use of their facilities. Funding (University of California at Riverside) was provided by the California Air Resources Board (ARB contract 95-305). Funding (California Institute of Technology) was provided by grants from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA grant R824970-01-0) and from the California Institute of Technology Center for Air Quality Analysis. | ||||||||
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| Issue or Number: | 5354 | ||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1126/science.279.5354.1184 | ||||||||
| Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20141124-115949168 | ||||||||
| Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141124-115949168 | ||||||||
| Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | ||||||||
| ID Code: | 52101 | ||||||||
| Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | ||||||||
| Deposited By: | Tony Diaz | ||||||||
| Deposited On: | 24 Nov 2014 21:03 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 24 Feb 2023 23:55 |
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