Chang, Caren and Meyerowitz, Elliot M. (1995) The ethylene hormone response in Arabidopsis: a eukaryotic two-component signaling system. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 92 (10). pp. 4129-4133. ISSN 0027-8424. PMCID PMC41898. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.10.4129. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141203-105653581
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Abstract
The simple gas ethylene affects numerous physiological processes in the growth and development of higher plants. With the use of molecular genetic approaches, we are beginning to learn how plants perceive ethylene and how this signal is transduced. Components of ethylene signal transduction are defined by ethylene response mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana. The genes corresponding to two of these mutants, etr1 and etr1, have been cloned. The ETR1 gene encodes a homolog of two-component regulators that are known almost exclusively in prokaryotes. The two-component regulators in prokaryotes are involved in the perception and transduction of a wide range of environmental signals leading to adaptive responses. The CTR1 gene encodes a homolog of the Raf family of serine/threonine protein kinases. Raf is part of a mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade known to regulate cell growth and development in mammals, worms, and flies. The ethylene response pathway may, therefore, exemplify a conserved protein kinase cascade regulated by a two-component system. The dominance of all known mutant alleles of ETR1 may be due to either constitutive activation of the ETR1 protein or dominant interference of wild-type activity. The discovery of Arabidopsis genes encoding proteins related to ETR1 suggests that the failure to recover recessive etr1 mutant alleles may be due to the presence of redundant genes.
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Additional Information: | © 1995 National Academy of Sciences. This paper was presented at a colloquium entitled "Self-Defense by Plants: Induction and Signalling Pathways," organized by Clarence A. Ryan, Christopher J. Lamb, Andre T. Jagendorf, and Pappachan E. Kolattukudy, held September 15-17, 1994, by the National Academy of Sciences, in Irvine, CA. We thank Anthony Bleecker and Joe Ecker for permission to cite unpublished data from their laboratories. We thank J. Goodrich, J. Hua, S. Jacobsen, B. Krizek, J. Levin, Z. Liu, M. Running, and H. Sakai for comments on the manuscript. Our work on ethylene response is supported by U.S. Department of Energy Grant FG03-88ER13873. The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. | ||||||||||||
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Issue or Number: | 10 | ||||||||||||
PubMed Central ID: | PMC41898 | ||||||||||||
DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.92.10.4129 | ||||||||||||
Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20141203-105653581 | ||||||||||||
Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20141203-105653581 | ||||||||||||
Official Citation: | C Chang and E M Meyerowitz The ethylene hormone response in Arabidopsis: a eukaryotic two-component signaling system PNAS 1995 92 (10) 4129-4133 | ||||||||||||
Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | ||||||||||||
ID Code: | 52324 | ||||||||||||
Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | ||||||||||||
Deposited By: | Tony Diaz | ||||||||||||
Deposited On: | 03 Dec 2014 20:36 | ||||||||||||
Last Modified: | 10 Nov 2021 19:24 |
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