Table 1. The Different Data Sets of Water Vapor Isotopic Composition Used for Model-Data Comparisona


Data Set or Network	Reference	Level	Spatial Coverage or Location; Footprint	Period	Precision	Comparison Methodology

Satellite Measurement
SCIAMACHY	Frankenberg et al. [2009]	total column, mainly sensitive in the boundary layer	global; footprint 120 x 20 km	2003-2005	40permil-100permil, reduced by averaging	collocation
TES	Worden et al. [2007]	600 hPa	global; footprint 5.3 x 8.5 km	2004-2008	about 40permil, reduced by averaging	collocation, application of kernels
ACE	Nassar et al. [2007]	down to 500 hPa	global, but small number of measurements; limb measurement	2003-2008	about 50permil, reduced by averaging	collocation, smoothing
MIPAS	Steinwagner et al. [2010]	down to 300 hPa	global; limb measurement	September 2002-March 2004	about 50permil, reduced by averaging	collocation, application of kernels

Ground-Based Remote-Sensing
TCCON network	Wunch et al. [2010]	total column	8 stations: Lauder, Wollongong, Darwin, Park Falls, Pasadena, Lamont, Bremen and Ny Alesund	between 1.5 and 6 years	between 5 and 35permil	collocation, application of kernels
NDACC network	Schneider et al. [2010]	total column and profiles up to 10 km	8 stations: Arrival Heights, Lauder, Wollongong, Izana, Jungfraujoch, Karlsruhe, Kiruna and Eureka	between 0.5 and 13 years	5permil for total column and 10-25permil for profiles	collocation, application of kernels

Ground-Based in Situ
GNIP-vapor network of monthly samples	IAEA web site	surface	3 stations: Vienna, Ankara, Manaus	between 2 and 13 years	undocumented	collocation
Isolated data sets of daily samples	Angert et al. [2008]; Risi et al. [2010b]	surface	2 stations: Rehovot and Saclay	daily samples during 1 to 2 years	1permil	collocation
Picarro in Hawaii	Johnson et al. [2011]	surface at 680 hPa	Hawaii	3 weeks	5 to 10permil	collocation
Southern Ocean surface samples	Uemura et al. [2008]	surface	Southern Ocean	1 month	1permil	collocation

Aircraft
Flights in the 60s	Ehhalt et al. [2005]	profiles between 1.5 km and 9.2 km	3 sites in the United States: Nebraska, Santa Barbara and the Death Valley	a few isolated days	1permil	collocation
CR-AVE and TC4 campaigns	Sayres et al. [2010]	profiles between 475 hPa and 64 hPa	near Costa-Rica	1 week in winter 2006, 10 days in summer 2007	17permil for ICOS and 50permil for Hoxotope	collocation

aWe detail the levels at which the measurements are performed or are the most sensitive, the location for ground-based data sets, the footprint for satellite data sets, the period over which we use the measurements, the precision specified in the reference papers or calculated in Appendix B of P1, and the methodology that we use for model-data comparison.