Haushalter, Karl A. and Lau, Janice and Roberts, John D. (1996) An NMR Investigation of the Effect of Hydrogen Bonding on the Rates of Rotation about the C−N Bonds in Urea and Thiourea. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 118 (37). pp. 8891-8896. ISSN 0002-7863. doi:10.1021/JA961380K. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151002-123935735
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Abstract
The interaction between urea and tetrabutylammonium acetate was investigated in dimethylformamide/dimethyl sulfoxide solutions using ^1H and ^(15)N NMR. The chemical-shift behavior of the urea protons is consistent with a urea-acetate hydrogen-bonded complex involving both carboxylate oxygens and the urea hydrogens trans to the carbonyl oxygen with K_(assoc) = 120 ± 10. Line shape analysis of the temperature-dependent ^1H NMR spectra show that ΔG^⧧ for rotation about the C−N bond of urea changes only slightly from 11.0 ± 0.1 to 11.2 ± 0.1 kcal/mol on 1:1 molar addition of tetrabutylammonium acetate to a dilute solution of urea. A parallel investigation of the interaction of thiourea with tetrabutylammonium acetate gave a binding constant, K_(assoc) = 90 ± 10. The ΔG^⧧ for rotation about the C−N bond of thiourea was found to increase from 13.5 ± 0.1 to 14.0 ± 0.1 kcal/mol on 1:1 addition of tetrabutylammonium acetate to a dilute solution of thiourea in dimethylformamide/dimethyl sulfoxide. Measurements were also made of the self-association of several ureas and of ΔG⧧ for rotation about both C(O)−N bonds of 1,1-dimethylurea.
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| Additional Information: | © 1996 American Chemical Society. Received April 26, 1996. This paper is dedicated on the occasion of his 80th birthday to Nelson J. Leonard, an inspiration and friend for more than 50 years. We are grateful to Peter Wei for assistance with the ^(15)N NMR experiments as well as Linda Hanely and Francoise Gregoire for help with other NMR spectra. We also thank Steve Arvedson, Curt Hastings, and Dr. Robert Lee for technical consultations and useful conversations. This research was supported in part by the Caltech Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowships (SURF) to whom we are most appreciative. Further support was provided by the Arthur C. Cope Fund of the American Chemical Society and by Dr. and Mrs. Chester M. McCloskey. | ||||||||
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| Issue or Number: | 37 | ||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1021/JA961380K | ||||||||
| Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20151002-123935735 | ||||||||
| Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20151002-123935735 | ||||||||
| Official Citation: | An NMR Investigation of the Effect of Hydrogen Bonding on the Rates of Rotation about the C−N Bonds in Urea and Thiourea Karl A. Haushalter, Janice Lau, and John D. Roberts Journal of the American Chemical Society 1996 118 (37), 8891-8896 DOI: 10.1021/ja961380k | ||||||||
| Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | ||||||||
| ID Code: | 60712 | ||||||||
| Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | ||||||||
| Deposited By: | Ruth Sustaita | ||||||||
| Deposited On: | 05 Oct 2015 18:39 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 01 Jun 2023 23:40 |
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