Smith, L. Courtney and Davidson, Eric H. (1994) The Echinoderm Immune System Characters Shared with Vertebrate Immune Systems and Characters Arising Later in Deuterostome Phylogeny. In: Primordial Immunity: Foundations for the Vertebrate Immune System. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. No.712. New York Academy of Sciences , New York, NY, pp. 213-226. ISBN 0-89766-839-1. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160407-073654134
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Abstract
As is now widely appreciated, the deuterostomes, of which echinoderms, hemichordates, tunicates, and all higher chordates are the major extant groups, constitute a separate branch of the animal kingdom (see, e.g., Refs. 1-4). On structural, embryological, biochemical, and molecular bases, deuterostomes are regarded as a monophyletic group of common ancestry. They are the sister group of the coelomate protostomes, the major taxa of which are the annelids, molluscs, and arthropods. Thus, in considering the origins of the higher vertebrate immune system, it is essential to keep in mind that it is among the extant lower deuterostomes that the most relevant homologous immune system elements are to be sought.
| Item Type: | Book Section | |||||||||
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| Additional Information: | © 1994 New York Academy of Sciences. Article first published online: 17 Dec 2006. Research from this laboratory was supported by National Science Foundation Grant MCB-9219330. | |||||||||
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| Series Name: | Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences | |||||||||
| Issue or Number: | 712 | |||||||||
| Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20160407-073654134 | |||||||||
| Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160407-073654134 | |||||||||
| Official Citation: | SMITH, L. C. and DAVIDSON, E. H. (1994), The Echinoderm Immune System. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 712: 213–226. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb33575.x | |||||||||
| Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | |||||||||
| ID Code: | 65979 | |||||||||
| Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | |||||||||
| Deposited By: | Ruth Sustaita | |||||||||
| Deposited On: | 07 Apr 2016 22:57 | |||||||||
| Last Modified: | 03 Oct 2019 09:52 |
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