Galau, Glenn A. and Klein, William H. and Davis, Mark M. and Wold, Barbara J. and Britten, Roy J. and Davidson, Eric H. (1976) Structural Gene Sets Active in Embryos and Adult Tissues of the Sea Urchin. Cell, 7 (4). pp. 487-505. ISSN 0092-8674. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(76)90200-2. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160812-134923037
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Abstract
Structural gene sequences active in a variety of sea urchin adult and embryo tissues are compared. A single-copy ^3H-DNA fraction, termed mDNA, was isolated, which contains sequences complementary to the messenger RNA present on gastrula stage polysomes. Gastrula message sequences are 50 fold concentrated in the mDNA compared to total single-copy DNA. mDNA reactions were carried out with excess mRNA from blastula, pluteus, exogastrula, adult ovary, tubefoot, intestine, and coelomocytes, and with excess total mature oocyte RNA. A single-copy ^3H-DNA fraction totally devoid of gastrula message sequences, termed null mDNA, was also reacted with these RNAs. Large differences in the extent of both mDNA and null mDNA reaction with the various RNAs were observed, indicating that in each state of differention a distinct set of structural genes is active, generally characterized by several thousand specific sequences. The complexity of gastrula mRNA was shown in previous work to be about 17 × 10^6 nucleotides. In units of 10^6 nucleotides, the complexities of the RNA sequence reacting with mDNA and with null mDNA in each tissue are, respectively, as follows: intestine mRNA; 2.1 and 3.7; coelomocyte mRNA: 3.5 and ≤1.4; tubefoot mRNA: 2.7 and ≤0.4; ovary mRNA: 13 and 6.7; oocyte total RNA: 17 and 20; blastula mRNA: 12 and 15; pluteus mRNA: 14 and ≤0.6; exogastrula mRNA: 14 and ≤0.6. The total complexity of each mRNA population is the sum of these values, as verified for several cases by reactions with total single-copy DNA. A relatively small set of mRNAs, the complexity of which is about 2.1 × 10^6 nucleotides, appears to be shared by several of the tissues studied.
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| Additional Information: | © 1976 by MIT. Received 15 December 1975. We acknowledge the extremely useful assistance we have received from Dr. Edward Lipson in improving our data reduction procedures. We are also grateful to Mr. William Pearson for his great help in building the programs we have used for data reduction. This research was supported by grants from the NIH and the NSF. G.A.G. and M.M.D. are predoctoral fellows on an NIH training grant, and B.J.W. is a predoctoral fellow on an NSF graduate fellowship grant. W.H.K. is supported by a Damon Runyon-Walter Winchell Cancer Fund Fellowship Grant. | |||||||||
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| Issue or Number: | 4 | |||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1016/0092-8674(76)90200-2 | |||||||||
| Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20160812-134923037 | |||||||||
| Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20160812-134923037 | |||||||||
| Official Citation: | Glenn A. Galau, William H. Klein, Mark M. Davis, Barbara J. Wold, Roy J. Britten, Eric H. Davidson, Structural gene sets active in embryos and adult tissues of the sea urchin, Cell, Volume 7, Issue 4, April 1976, Pages 487-505, ISSN 0092-8674, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(76)90200-2. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0092867476902002) | |||||||||
| Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | |||||||||
| ID Code: | 69602 | |||||||||
| Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | |||||||||
| Deposited By: | Ruth Sustaita | |||||||||
| Deposited On: | 12 Aug 2016 22:26 | |||||||||
| Last Modified: | 11 Nov 2021 04:17 |
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