Kishimoto, Naoki and Sakai, Hajime and Jackson, James and Jacobsen, Steven E. and Meyerowitz, Elliot M. and Dennis, Elizabeth S. and Finnegan, E. Jean (2001) Site specificity of the Arabidopsis METI DNA methyltransferase demonstrated through hypermethylation of the superman locus. Plant Molecular Biology, 46 (2). pp. 171-183. ISSN 0167-4412. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20161205-155808530
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Abstract
Plants with low levels of DNA methylation show a range of developmental abnormalities including homeotic transformation of floral organs. Two independent DNA METHYLTRANSFERASEI (METI) antisense transformants with low levels of DNA methylation had flowers with increased numbers of stamens which resembled flowers seen on the loss-of-function superman (sup) mutant plants and on transgenic plants that ectopically express APETALA3 (AP3). These METI antisense plants have both increased and decreased methylation in and around the sup gene, compared with untransformed controls. DNA from the antisense plants was demethylated at least 4 kb upstream of the sup gene, while there was dense methylation around the start of transcription and within the coding region of this gene; these regions were unmethylated in control DNA. Methylation within the sup gene was correlated with an absence of SUP transcripts. The pattern and density of methylation was heterogeneous among different DNA molecules from the same plant, with some molecules being completely unmethylated. Methylcytosine occurred in asymmetric sites and in symmetric CpA/TpG but rarely in CpG dinucleotides in the antisense plants. In contrast, segregants lacking the METI antisense construct and epimutants with a hypermethylated allele of sup (clark kent 3), both of which have active METI genes, showed a higher frequency of methylation of CpG dinucleotides and of asymmetric cytosines. We conclude that METI is the predominant CpG methyltransferase and directly or indirectly affects asymmetric methylation.
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Additional Information: | © 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Received 6 September 2000; accepted in revised form 31 January 2001. We thank Eric Richards for providing seed of the ddm2-1 mutant and Lyndall Thorpe for excellent technical assistance. N.K. was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from Japan Science and Technology Council; this research was funded, in part, by NIH grant GM60398 to S.E.J. and by U.S. National Science Foundation grant MCB-9603821 to E.M.M. | |||||||||
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Subject Keywords: | antisense; clark kent; epimutation; genomic sequencing; hypomethylation; hypermethylation | |||||||||
Issue or Number: | 2 | |||||||||
Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20161205-155808530 | |||||||||
Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20161205-155808530 | |||||||||
Official Citation: | Kishimoto, N., Sakai, H., Jackson, J. et al. Plant Mol Biol (2001) 46: 171. doi:10.1023/A:1010636222327 | |||||||||
Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | |||||||||
ID Code: | 72575 | |||||||||
Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | |||||||||
Deposited By: | Tony Diaz | |||||||||
Deposited On: | 06 Dec 2016 23:51 | |||||||||
Last Modified: | 03 Oct 2019 16:19 |
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