Xu, Tailin and Gao, Wei and Xu, Li-Ping and Zhang, Xueji and Wang, Shutao (2016) Fuel-Free Synthetic Micro-/Nanomachines. Advanced Materials, 29 (9). Art. No. 1603250. ISSN 0935-9648. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170921-095336725
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Abstract
Inspired by the swimming of natural microorganisms, synthetic micro-/nanomachines, which convert energy into movement, are able to mimic the function of these amazing natural systems and help humanity by completing environmental and biological tasks. While offering autonomous propulsion, conventional micro-/nanomachines usually rely on the decomposition of external chemical fuels (e.g., H_2O_2), which greatly hinders their applications in biologically relevant media. Recent developments have resulted in various micro-/nanomotors that can be powered by biocompatible fuels. Fuel-free synthetic micro-/nanomotors, which can move without external chemical fuels, represent another attractive solution for practical applications owing to their biocompatibility and sustainability. Here, recent developments on fuel-free micro-/nanomotors (powered by various external stimuli such as light, magnetic, electric, or ultrasonic fields) are summarized, ranging from fabrication to propulsion mechanisms. The applications of these fuel-free micro-/nanomotors are also discussed, including nanopatterning, targeted drug/gene delivery, cell manipulation, and precision nanosurgery. With continuous innovation, future autonomous, intelligent and multifunctional fuel-free micro-/nanomachines are expected to have a profound impact upon diverse biomedical applications, providing unlimited opportunities beyond one's imagination.
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| Additional Information: | © 2016 Wiley. Received: June 21, 2016. Revised: September 16, 2016. Published online: December 27, 2016. T.X. and W.G contributed equally to this work. This research is supported by the National Research Fund for Fundamental Key Projects (2012CB933800), National Natural Science Foundation of China (21425314, 21501184, 21434009, 21421061, 21504098, 21475009 and 21475008), the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJZD-EW-M01), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (2013AA032203), MOST (2013YQ190467), the Top-Notch Young Talents Program of China, and the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission (Z161100000116037). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Subject Keywords: | energy conversion; autonomous propulsion; micromachines; nanomachines | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20170921-095336725 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Persistent URL: | http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20170921-095336725 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Official Citation: | T. Xu, W. Gao, L.-P. Xu, X. Zhang, S. Wang, Adv. Mater. 2017, 29, 1603250. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ID Code: | 81669 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposited By: | Ruth Sustaita | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposited On: | 21 Sep 2017 17:24 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Last Modified: | 21 Sep 2017 17:24 |
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