Yang, Heng and Weadock, Nicholas J. and Tan, Hongjin and Fultz, Brent (2017) High capacity V-based metal hydride electrodes for rechargeable batteries. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 5 (41). pp. 21785-21794. ISSN 2050-7488. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20171006-131136299
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Abstract
We report the successful development of Ti_(29)V_(62−x)Ni_9Cr_x (x = 0, 6, 12) body centered cubic metal hydride (MH) electrodes by addressing vanadium corrosion and dissolution in KOH solutions. By identifying oxygen as the primary source of corrosion and eliminating oxygen with an Ar-purged cell, the Cr-free Ti_(29)V_(62)Ni_9 alloy electrode achieved a maximum capacity of 594 mAh g^(-1), double the capacity of commercial AB_5 MH electrodes. With coin cells designed to minimize oxygen evolution, the cycle stability of a Ti_(29)V_(62)Ni_9 alloy electrode was greatly improved with either vanadate ion additions to the electrolyte or Cr-substitution in the alloy. Together, both approaches resulted in a reversible capacity of around 500 mAh g^(−1) for at least 200 cycles. We performed energy density calculations for a 100 W h MH–air cell utilizing the high capacity Ti_(29)V_(62−x)Ni_9Cr_x electrodes and found that these cells are comparable in energy density to state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries.
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Additional Information: | © 2017 The Royal Society of Chemistry. Received 21st August 2017; Accepted 27th September 2017; First published on 28th September 2017. The authors acknowledge B. Edwards for assistance in electrochemical experiments and ICP-MS, J. R. Thompson for performing XPS experiments, and Dr K. Young at BASF for providing Ni(OH)2 electrodes and for helpful discussion. Research was in part carried out at the Molecular Materials Research Center of the Beckman Institute of the California Institute of Technology. This work was sponsored as a part of EFree (Energy Frontier Research in Extreme Environments), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0001057. There are no conflicts of interest to declare. | ||||||||||||
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Issue or Number: | 41 | ||||||||||||
Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20171006-131136299 | ||||||||||||
Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20171006-131136299 | ||||||||||||
Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | ||||||||||||
ID Code: | 82167 | ||||||||||||
Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | ||||||||||||
Deposited By: | Tony Diaz | ||||||||||||
Deposited On: | 06 Oct 2017 20:28 | ||||||||||||
Last Modified: | 03 Oct 2019 18:51 |
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