Korzh, Boris and Zhao, Qing-Yuan and Allmaras, Jason P. and Frasca, Simone and Autry, Travis M. and Bersin, Eric A. and Beyer, Andrew D. and Briggs, Ryan M. and Bumble, Bruce and Colangelo, Marco and Crouch, Garrison M. and Dane, Andrew E. and Gerrits, Thomas and Lita, Adriana E. and Marsili, Francesco and Moody, Galan and Peña, Cristián and Ramirez, Edward and Rezac, Jake D. and Sinclair, Neil and Stevens, Martin J. and Velasco, Angel E. and Verma, Varun B. and Wollman, Emma E. and Xie, Si and Zhu, Di and Hale, Paul D. and Spiropulu, Maria and Silverman, Kevin L. and Mirin, Richard P. and Nam, Sae Woo and Kozorezov, Alexander G. and Shaw, Matthew D. and Berggren, Karl K. (2020) Demonstration of sub-3 ps temporal resolution with a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector. Nature Photonics, 14 (4). pp. 250-255. ISSN 1749-4885. doi:10.1038/s41566-020-0589-x. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180924-132855200
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Abstract
Improvements in temporal resolution of single-photon detectors enable increased data rates and transmission distances for both classical and quantum optical communication systems, higher spatial resolution in laser ranging, and observation of shorter-lived fluorophores in biomedical imaging. In recent years, superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) have emerged as the most efficient time-resolving single-photon-counting detectors available in the near-infrared, but understanding of the fundamental limits of timing resolution in these devices has been limited due to a lack of investigations into the timescales involved in the detection process. We introduce an experimental technique to probe the detection latency in SNSPDs and show that the key to achieving low timing jitter is the use of materials with low latency. By using a specialized niobium nitride SNSPD we demonstrate that the system temporal resolution can be as good as 2.6 ± 0.2 ps for visible wavelengths and 4.3 ± 0.2 ps at 1,550 nm.
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| Alternate Title: | Demonstrating sub-3 ps temporal resolution in a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Additional Information: | © 2020 Springer Nature Limited. Received 21 September 2019; Accepted 09 January 2020; Published 02 March 2020. Part of the research was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Support for this work was provided in part by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Defense Sciences Office, through the Detect programme and the National Science Foundation under grant number ECCS-1509486. E.A.B., A.E.D., G.M.C. and J.P.A. acknowledge partial support from the NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship programme. E.R. acknowledges support from the MARC-U*STAR programme. D.Z. acknowledges support from the A*STAR National Science Scholarship. M.S., S.X. and C.P. acknowledge partial and N.S. full support from the Alliance for Quantum Technologies’ (AQT) Intelligent Quantum Networks and Technologies (INQNET) research programme. M.S., C.P. and S.X. acknowledge partial support from the Department of Energy, High Energy Physics QuantISED programme grant, QCCFP (Quantum Communication Channels for Fundamental Physics), award number DE-SC0019219. C.P. acknowledges partial support from the Fermilab’s Lederman Fellowship. We thank P. Day, B. Putnam, D. Santavicca, J. Breffke, W. Becker and W. Rippard for valuable discussions and loan of measurement equipment as well as JPL and Caltech staff for technical support. The use of trade names is intended to allow the measurements to be appropriately interpreted and does not imply endorsement by the US government, nor does it imply these are necessarily the best available for the purpose used here. Data availability: The data that support the plots within this paper and other findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Author Contributions: B.K. and Q.-Y.Z. conceived and designed the experiments. B.K., Q.-Y.Z., S.F., J.P.A., E.R., E.A.B., M.J.S., T.M.A., G.M., M.C., C.P., N.S., A.E.V., V.B.V., S.X., D.Z. and A.E.D. performed the experiments. B.K., S.F. and J.P.A. analysed the data. J.P.A. carried out the simulations. B.K., Q.-Y.Z., S.F., E.A.B., T.G., M.J.S., T.M.A., G.M., M.C., A.D.B., B.B., R.M.B., C.P., N.S., A.E.L., A.E.V., V.B.V., S.X., D.Z., A.E.D., E.E.W., G.M.C., J.P.A., J.D.R., P.D.H., K.L.S., R.P.M., M.S., S.W.N., F.M., A.G.K., M.D.S. and K.K.B. contributed materials/analysis tools. B.K., Q.-Y.Z., J.P.A. and M.D.S. wrote the paper with input from all authors. The authors declare no competing interests. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Group: | INQNET | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Subject Keywords: | Imaging and sensing; Nanowires; Optical sensors; Single photons and quantum effects; Superconducting devices | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Issue or Number: | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41566-020-0589-x | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20180924-132855200 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20180924-132855200 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Official Citation: | Korzh, B., Zhao, Q., Allmaras, J.P. et al. Demonstration of sub-3 ps temporal resolution with a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector. Nat. Photonics 14, 250–255 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-020-0589-x | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| ID Code: | 89890 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposited By: | Tony Diaz | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposited On: | 24 Sep 2018 22:49 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Last Modified: | 16 Nov 2021 00:39 |
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