van Breugel, Floris and Huda, Ainul and Dickinson, Michael H. (2018) Distinct activity-gated pathways mediate attraction and aversion to CO₂ in Drosophila. Nature, 564 (7736). pp. 420-424. ISSN 0028-0836. PMCID PMC6314688. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0732-8. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181002-123800797
Use this Persistent URL to link to this item: https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181002-123800797
Abstract
Carbon dioxide is produced by many organic processes and is a convenient volatile cue for insects that are searching for blood hosts, flowers, communal nests, fruit and wildfires. Although Drosophila melanogaster feed on yeast that produce CO₂ and ethanol during fermentation, laboratory experiments suggest that walking flies avoid CO₂. Here we resolve this paradox by showing that both flying and walking Drosophila find CO₂ attractive, but only when they are in an active state associated with foraging. Their aversion to CO₂ at low-activity levels may be an adaptation to avoid parasites that seek CO₂, or to avoid succumbing to respiratory acidosis in the presence of high concentrations of CO_2 that exist in nature. In contrast to CO₂, flies are attracted to ethanol in all behavioural states, and invest twice the time searching near ethanol compared to CO₂. These behavioural differences reflect the fact that ethanol is a unique signature of yeast fermentation, whereas CO₂ is generated by many natural processes. Using genetic tools, we determined that the evolutionarily conserved ionotropic co-receptor IR25a is required for CO₂ attraction, and that the receptors necessary for CO₂ avoidance are not involved in this attraction. Our study lays the foundation for future research to determine the neural circuits that underlie both state- and odorant-dependent decision-making in Drosophila.
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Alternate Title: | Distinct activity-gated pathways mediate attraction and aversion to CO2 in Drosophila, Drosophila have distinct activity-gated pathways that mediate attraction and aversion to CO2 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Additional Information: | © 2018 Springer Nature Limited. Received: 22 December 2017; Accepted: 11 October 2018; Published online: 21 November 2018. We thank A. Straw for the 3D tracking software. Several colleagues provided mutants: R. Benton (quadruple mutant), R. Stanewsky (IR25a and rescue); G. Suh (IR8a); and M. Gallio and M. Stensmyr (IR40a). R. Benton, E. Hong and J. Riffell contributed helpful comments. This work was funded by grants from NIH (NIH1RO1DCO13693-01, U01NS090514) and the Simons Foundation. Reviewer information: Nature thanks S. Combes, M. Frye, L. Vosshall and R. Wilson for their contribution to the peer review of this work. Author Contributions: F.v.B. and M.H.D. conceived the experiments. A.H. made genetic recombinants. F.v.B. and A.H. performed experiments. F.v.B. analysed data. F.v.B. and M.H.D. wrote the manuscript. Data availability: Processed data are available in a Dryad repository at https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2s8422f. Raw data are available from the corresponding author upon request. Code availability: Custom code is available online at https://github.com/florisvb/drosophila_co2_attraction. Reporting summary: Further information on research design is available in the Nature Research Reporting Summary linked to this paper. The authors declare no competing interests. | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Issue or Number: | 7736 | |||||||||||||||||||||
PubMed Central ID: | PMC6314688 | |||||||||||||||||||||
DOI: | 10.1038/s41586-018-0732-8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20181002-123800797 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20181002-123800797 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | |||||||||||||||||||||
ID Code: | 90085 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | |||||||||||||||||||||
Deposited By: | George Porter | |||||||||||||||||||||
Deposited On: | 08 Oct 2018 22:29 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Last Modified: | 02 Mar 2022 00:21 |
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