Eisenstein Series of Weight One, q-Averages of the 0-Logarithm and Periods of Elliptic Curves

Abstract

For any elliptic curve E over k ⊂ R with E(C) = C^×/q^Z, q = e^(2πiz),Im(z) >, we study the q-average D_(0,q), defined on E(C), of the function D_0(z) = Im(z/(1−z)). Let Ω+(E) denote the real period of E. We show that there is a rational function R ∈ Q(X_1(N)) such that for any non-cuspidal real point s ∈ X_1(N) (which defines an elliptic curve E(s) over R together with a point P(s) of order N), πD_(0,q)(P(s)) equals Ω+(E(s))R(s). In particular, if s is Q-rational point of X_1(N), a rare occurrence according to Mazur, R(s) is a rational number.