Schmitz, Birger and Farley, Kenneth A. and Goderis, Steven and Heck, Philipp R. and Bergström, Stig M. and Boschi, Samuele and Claeys, Philippe and Debaille, Vinciane and Dronov, Andrei and van Ginneken, Matthias and Harper, David A. T. and Iqbal, Faisal and Friberg, Johan and Liao, Shiyong and Martin, Ellinor and Meier, Matthias M. M. and Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Bernhard and Soens, Bastien and Wieler, Rainer and Terfelt, Fredrik (2019) An extraterrestrial trigger for the mid-Ordovician ice age: Dust from the breakup of the L-chondrite parent body. Science Advances, 5 (9). Art. No. eaax4184. ISSN 2375-2548. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aax4184. https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190919-113942345
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Abstract
The breakup of the L-chondrite parent body in the asteroid belt 466 million years (Ma) ago still delivers almost a third of all meteorites falling on Earth. Our new extraterrestrial chromite and ^3He data for Ordovician sediments show that the breakup took place just at the onset of a major, eustatic sea level fall previously attributed to an Ordovician ice age. Shortly after the breakup, the flux to Earth of the most fine-grained, extraterrestrial material increased by three to four orders of magnitude. In the present stratosphere, extraterrestrial dust represents 1% of all the dust and has no climatic significance. Extraordinary amounts of dust in the entire inner solar system during >2 Ma following the L-chondrite breakup cooled Earth and triggered Ordovician icehouse conditions, sea level fall, and major faunal turnovers related to the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event.
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| Additional Information: | © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY). Submitted 21 March 2019. Accepted 19 August 2019. Published 18 September 2019. We are grateful to Göran, Gustav, Sören, and Stig Thor for long-term support with samples from the Thorsberg quarry. K. Deppert, P. Eriksson, and P. Kristiansson made this study possible at Lund University. Three reviewers helped to improve the paper. This is a contribution to the ongoing Ordovician IGCP 653 project. B.Sc. was supported by the Swedish Research Council, the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, and an ERC-Advanced grant (ASTROGEOBIOSPHERE 213000). P.R.H. was supported by the Tawani Foundation. M.M.M.M. was supported by an Ambizione grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation. A.D. was supported by the Regional Governmental Program of Competitive Growth of Kazan Federal University and Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant N19-05-00748). D.A.T.H. was supported by a fellowship from the Leverhulme Trust. S.G., P.C., M.v.G., and B.So. were supported by the Belgian Science Policy (Belspo), the FWO, and the VUB strategic program. V.D. was supported by the FRS-FNRS, Belspo, and the ERC-Starting Grant (ISoSyC 336718). Author contributions: B.Sc. conceived and coordinated the project. K.A.F. performed the He-3 analyses. S.G. led the study of the Antarctic micrometeorites, supported by P.C., V.D., M.v.G., and B.So.. P.R.H. interpreted the 21Ne results and drafted Fig. 3, with help from R.W. and M.M.M.M. B.P.-E. performed the osmium isotope analyses. A.D. contributed to the regional geology and sea level history of the Ordovician. J.F. focused on the effects of extraterrestrial dust in atmospheres. S.M.B. and D.A.T.H. were responsible for the broad area of Ordovician paleontology and stratigraphy. B.Sc., S.B., F.I., S.L., and E.M. recovered and analyzed the spinels and interpreted their origin. F.T. supervised the work in the Astrogeobiology Laboratory. B.Sc. wrote the first draft, and all authors contributed to the interpretation of the results and to the final text. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Issue or Number: | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1126/sciadv.aax4184 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Record Number: | CaltechAUTHORS:20190919-113942345 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Persistent URL: | https://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20190919-113942345 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Official Citation: | An extraterrestrial trigger for the mid-Ordovician ice age: Dust from the breakup of the L-chondrite parent body BY BIRGER SCHMITZ, KENNETH A. FARLEY, STEVEN GODERIS, PHILIPP R. HECK, STIG M. BERGSTRÖM, SAMUELE BOSCHI, PHILIPPE CLAEYS, VINCIANE DEBAILLE, ANDREI DRONOV, MATTHIAS VAN GINNEKEN, DAVID A.T. HARPER, FAISAL IQBAL, JOHAN FRIBERG, SHIYONG LIAO, ELLINOR MARTIN, MATTHIAS M. M. MEIER, BERNHARD PEUCKER-EHRENBRINK, BASTIEN SOENS, RAINER WIELER, FREDRIK TERFELT SCIENCE ADVANCES 18 Sep 2019: Vol. 5, no. 9, eaax4184 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax4184 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Usage Policy: | No commercial reproduction, distribution, display or performance rights in this work are provided. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ID Code: | 98753 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collection: | CaltechAUTHORS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposited By: | George Porter | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposited On: | 19 Sep 2019 20:28 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Last Modified: | 16 Nov 2021 17:41 |
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