Suppression of star formation in early-type galaxies by feedback from supermassive black holes
Creators
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Schawinski, Kevin1
- Khochfar, Sadegh1
- Kaviraj, Sugata1
- Yi, Sukyoung K.2
- Boselli, Alessandro3
- Barlow, Tom A.4
- Conrow, Tim4
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Forster, Karl4
- Friedman, Peter G.4
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Martin, D. Christopher4
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Morrissey, Patrick4
- Neff, Susan G.5
- Schiminovich, David6
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Seibert, Mark4
- Small, Todd4
- Wyder, Ted K.4
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Bianchi, Luciana7
- Donas, José3
- Heckman, Tim7
- Lee, Young-Wook2
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Madore, Barry F.8
- Milliard, Bruno3
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Rich, R. Michael9
- Szalay, Alex S.7
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1.
University of Oxford
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2.
Yonsei University
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3.
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
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4.
California Institute of Technology
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5.
Goddard Space Flight Center
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6.
Columbia University
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7.
Johns Hopkins University
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8.
Carnegie Observatories
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9.
University of California, Los Angeles
Abstract
Detailed high-resolution observations of the innermost regions of nearby galaxies have revealed the presence of supermassive black holes. These black holes may interact with their host galaxies by means of 'feedback' in the form of energy and material jets; this feedback affects the evolution of the host and gives rise to observed relations between the black hole and the host. Here we report observations of the ultraviolet emissions of massive early-type galaxies. We derive an empirical relation for a critical black-hole mass (as a function of velocity dispersion) above which the outflows from these black holes suppress star formation in their hosts by heating and expelling all available cold gas. Supermassive black holes are negligible in mass compared to their hosts but nevertheless seem to play a critical role in the star formation history of galaxies.
Additional Information
© 2006 Nature Publishing Group. Received 15 December 2005; accepted 15 May 2006. We thank J. Magorrian for discussions and comments. GALEX is a NASA Small Explorer, launched in April 2003. We acknowledge NASA's support for construction, operation, and science analysis for the GALEX mission, developed in cooperation with the Centre National d'Études Spatiales of France and the Korean Ministry of Science and Technology. This work was supported by the Basic Research Program of the Korea Science & Engineering Foundation (S.K.Y.). Author Contributions K.S., S. Khochfar, S. Kaviraj and S.K.Y. performed the data sampling, analysis, interpretation, model construction, and writing of the manuscript. A.B. supplied the Virgo galaxy data, and the rest of the authors contributed to the data acquisition using the GALEX satellite.Attached Files
Supplemental Material - nature04934-s1.pdf
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nature04934-s1.pdf
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Additional details
Identifiers
- Eprint ID
- 56222
- DOI
- 10.1038/nature04934
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20150330-162345264
Related works
- Describes
- 10.1038/nature04934 (DOI)
Funding
- Korea Science and Engineering Foundation
Dates
- Created
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2015-03-31Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
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2021-11-10Created from EPrint's last_modified field