The NuSTAR Extragalactic Surveys: Source Catalog and the Compton-thick Fraction in the UDS Field
Abstract
We present the results and the source catalog of the NuSTAR survey in the UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey (UDS) field, bridging the gap in depth and area between NuSTAR's ECDFS and COSMOS surveys. The survey covers a ~0.6 deg2 area of the field for a total observing time of ~1.75 Ms, to a half-area depth of ~155 ks corrected for vignetting at 3–24 keV, and reaching sensitivity limits at half-area in the full (3–24 keV), soft (3–8 keV), and hard (8–24 keV) bands of 2.2 × 10−14 erg cm−2 s−1, 1.0 × 10−14 erg cm−2 s−1, and 2.7 × 10−14 erg cm−2 s−1, respectively. A total of 67 sources are detected in at least one of the three bands, 56 of which have a robust optical redshift with a median of $\langle z\rangle \sim 1.1$. Through a broadband (0.5–24 keV) spectral analysis of the whole sample combined with the NuSTAR hardness ratios, we compute the observed Compton-thick (CT; N H > 1024 cm−2) fraction. Taking into account the uncertainties on each N H measurement, the final number of CT sources is 6.8 ± 1.2. This corresponds to an observed CT fraction of 11.5% ± 2.0%, providing a robust lower limit to the intrinsic fraction of CT active galactic nuclei and placing constraints on cosmic X-ray background synthesis models.
Additional Information
© 2018 American Astronomical Society. Received 2017 September 13. Accepted 2018 January 4. Published 2018 March 8. We thank the anonymous referee for providing helpful comments, which significantly improved the clarity and robustness of the paper. This work was supported under NASA contract NNG08FD60C and made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the NuSTAR Operations, Software, and Calibration teams for support with the execution and analysis of these observations. This research made use of the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NuSTARDAS) jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy) and the California Institute of Technology (USA). This research has also made use of data obtained from the Chandra Data Archive and the Chandra Source Catalog, software provided by the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC), and observations obtained with XMM-Newton, an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and NASA, together with data obtained from the 3XMM XMM-Newton serendipitous source catalog compiled by the 10 institutes of the XMM-Newton Survey Science Centre selected by ESA. A.M. and A.C. acknowledge support from the ASI/INAF grant I/037/12/0011/13. W.N.B. acknowledges Caltech NuSTAR subcontract 44A-1092750. L.Z. acknowledges financial support under ASI/INAF contract I/037/12/0. G.B.L. acknowledges support from a Herchel Smith Fellowship of the University of Cambridge. E.T. acknowledges support from CONICYT-Chile grants Basal-CATA PFB-06/2007 and FONDECYT Regular 1160999. R.C.H. acknowledges support from NASA through grant no. NNX15AP24G. Facilities: NuSTAR - The NuSTAR (Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array) mission, Chandra - , XMM-Newton. -Attached Files
Published - Masini_2018_ApJS_235_17.pdf
Submitted - 1801.01881.pdf
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Additional details
Identifiers
- Eprint ID
- 85206
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:20180308-120302328
Related works
- Describes
- https://arxiv.org/abs/1801.01881 (URL)
Funding
- NASA
- NNG08FD60C
- NASA/JPL/Caltech
- European Space Agency (ESA)
- NASA
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI)
- I/037/12/0-011/13
- Caltech NuSTAR subcontract
- 44A-1092750
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI)
- I/037/12/0
- Herchel Smith Foundation
- Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICYT)
- Basal-CATA PFB-06/2007
- Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (FONDECYT)
- 1160999
- NASA
- NNX15AP24G
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)
Dates
- Created
-
2018-03-08Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
-
2021-11-15Created from EPrint's last_modified field