www.sciencemag.org/
cgi/
content/
full/science.
aap9580/DC1
Supplementary
Material
for
Swift
and
NuSTAR
observations of GW170817: Detection of a blue
kilonova
P. A.
Evans
, S. B.
Cenko
, J. A.
Kennea, S. W. K. Emery
, N. P. M. Kuin
, O.
Korobkin, R.
T. Wollaeger
, C. L.
Fryer
, K. K.
Madsen
, F. A.
Harrison
, Y.
Xu
, E.
Nakar
,
K. Hotokezaka
, A.
Lien
, S. Campana, S. R. Oates
, E.
Troja
, A. A.
Breeveld
,
F. E.
Marshall
, S. D.
Barthelmy
, A. P.
Beardmore
, D. N.
Burrows
, G.
Cusumano,
A. D’Aì
, P.
D’Avanzo
, V.
D’Elia
, M.
de Pasquale,
W. P. Even
, C. J. Fontes
, K.
Forster
,
J. Garcia, P.
Giommi, B.
Grefenstette, C.
Gronwall
, D. H.
Hartmann
, M.
Heida,
A. L.
Hungerford
, M. M.
Kasliwal
, H. A.
Krimm,
A. J.
Levan
, D.
Malesani
, A.
Melandri
,
H. Miyasaka, J. A.
Nousek, P. T.
O’Brien
, J. P. Osborne
, C.
Pagani
, K. L.
Page
,
D. M.
Palmer
, M.
Perri
, S. Pike
, J. L.
Racusin
, S.
Rosswog
, M. H.
Siegel
, T. Sakamoto
,
B. Sbarufatti
, G.
Tagliaferri
, N. R.
Tanvir
, A.
Tohuvavohu
*Corresponding author. Email: pae9@leicester.ac.uk
Published
16 October
2017 as
Science
First Release
DOI:
10.1126/science.
aap9580
This PDF file includes:
Materials and Methods
Figs. S1 to S6
Tables S1 to S3
References
Other Supplementary
Material
for this manuscript include
s the following
:
(available at
www.sciencemag.org/content/science.
aap9580/DC1
)
Simulation Input Files in
a s
eparate .zip file
Supplementary material for
Swift
and
NuSTAR
observations of GW170817:
detection of a blue kilonova
Materials and Methods
1 Observations
Advanced LIGO and advanced Virgo (operating as the LIGO/Virgo Consortium: hereafter
‘LVC’) registered GW 170817 at 12:41:04.45 UT on 2017 August 17. This was announced
to the followup community first as an LVC/Gamma-ray Coordinates Network (GCN) notice at
13:08 UT, and then by (
1
), (trigger ‘G298048’).
Fermi
Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM)
triggered on a weak short gamma-ray signal at 12:41:06 UT (
4
), reported as a short GRB
(sGRB, (
54
)). A weak signal was also observed by the INTEGRAL satellite (
55
). At this time,
the
Swift
Burst Alert Telescope (BAT; (
56
)) was pointing at RA, Dec (J2000)= 02
h
24
m
18.0
s
,
-52
◦
17
′
13
′′
, i.e. away from the GBM and GW position. Indeed, the GW localization region
was entirely occulted by the Earth (Figure S1), with none of the probability region above the
Earth limb (defined as 69
◦
from the center of the Earth, which accounts for the radius of the
Earth plus 100 km of atmosphere, up to the K
́
arm
́
an line, which commonly represents the top
of the atmosphere). The position of EM 170817A (below) was likewise not visible to
Swift
at
the trigger time, while the very edge of the GBM error region overlapped the edge of the BAT
field of view (0.1% of the GBM probability was within the BAT field of view). We found no
evidence for a signal in the BAT within 100-s of the GW and GBM triggers.
Swift
observations comprising more than one pointing can only be uploaded to the spacecraft
in the form of a pre-planned science timeline which requires a ground-station pass. In order to
obtain some rapid coverage, we uploaded commands using the NASA Tracking and Data Relay
30