Consistent lensing and clustering in a low-S₈ Universe with BOSS, DES Year 3, HSC Year 1, and KiDS-1000

Amon, A; Robertson, N C; Miyatake, H; Heymans, C; White, M; DeRose, J; Yuan, S; Wechsler, R H; Varga, T N; Bocquet, S; Dvornik, A; More, S; Ross, A J; Hoekstra, H; Alarcon, A; Asgari, M; Blazek, J; Campos, A; Chen, R; Choi, A; Crocce, M; Diehl, H T; Doux, C; Eckert, K; Elvin-Poole, J; Everett, S; Ferté, A; Gatti, M; Giannini, G; Gruen, D; Gruendl, R A; Hartley, W G; Herner, K; Hildebrandt, H; Huang, S; Huff, E M; Joachimi, B; Lee, S; MacCrann, N; Myles, J; Navarro-Alsina, A; Nishimichi, T; Prat, J; Secco, L F; Sevilla-Noarbe, I; Sheldon, E; Shin, T; Tröster, T; Troxel, M A; Tutusaus, I; Wright, A H; Yin, B; Aguena, M; Allam, S; Annis, J; Bacon, D; Bilicki, M; Brooks, D; Burke, D L; Carnero Rosell, A; Carretero, J; Castander, F J; Cawthon, R; Costanzi, M; da Costa, L N; Pereira, M E S; de Jong, J; De Vicente, J; Desai, S; Dietrich, J P; Doel, P; Ferrero, I; Frieman, J; García-Bellido, J; Gerdes, D W; Gschwend, J; Gutierrez, G; Hinton, S R; Hollowood, D L; Honscheid, K; Huterer, D; Kannawadi, A; Kuehn, K; Kuropatkin, N; Lahav, O; Lima, M; Maia, M A G; Marshall, J L; Menanteau, F; Miquel, R; Mohr, J J; Morgan, R; Muir, J; Paz-Chinchón, F; Pieres, A; Plazas Malagón, A A; Porredon, A; Rodriguez-Monroy, M; Roodman, A; Sanchez, E; Serrano, S; Shan, H; Suchyta, E; Swanson, M E C; Tarle, G; Thomas, D; To, C; Zhang, Y

doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2938

Published January 2023 | Version v1

Journal Article Open

Consistent lensing and clustering in a low-S₈ Universe with BOSS, DES Year 3, HSC Year 1, and KiDS-1000

1. University of Cambridge
2. Nagoya University
3. University of Tokyo
4. University of Edinburgh
5. Ruhr University Bochum
6. University of California, Berkeley
7. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
8. Stanford University
9. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
10. Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics
11. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
12. Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics
13. The Ohio State University
14. University of California, Santa Cruz
15. Leiden University
16. Argonne National Laboratory
17. University of Hull
18. Northeastern University
19. École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
20. Carnegie Mellon University
21. Duke University
22. Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya
23. California Institute of Technology
24. Institute of Space Sciences
25. Fermilab
26. University of Pennsylvania
27. Jet Propulsion Lab
28. Institute for High Energy Physics
29. National Center for Supercomputing Applications
30. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
31. University of Geneva
32. University College London
33. State University of Campinas
34. Kyoto University
35. University of Chicago
36. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas
37. Brookhaven National Laboratory
38. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia
39. University of Portsmouth
40. Center for Theoretical Physics
41. Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
42. University of La Laguna
43. William Jewell College
44. University of Trieste
45. Trieste Astronomical Observatory
46. Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe
47. National Observatory
48. University of Michigan–Ann Arbor
49. Universität Hamburg
50. University of Groningen
51. Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad
52. University of Oslo
53. Institute for Theoretical Physics
54. University of Queensland
55. Princeton University
56. Macquarie University
57. Lowell Observatory
58. Universidade de São Paulo
59. Texas A&M University
60. Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats
61. University of Wisconsin–Madison
62. Perimeter Institute
63. Shanghai Astronomical Observatory
64. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
65. Oak Ridge National Laboratory

We evaluate the consistency between lensing and clustering based on measurements from Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey combined with galaxy–galaxy lensing from Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 3, Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC) Year 1, and Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS)-1000. We find good agreement between these lensing data sets. We model the observations using the Dark Emulator and fit the data at two fixed cosmologies: Planck (S₈ = 0.83), and a Lensing cosmology (S₈ = 0.76). For a joint analysis limited to large scales, we find that both cosmologies provide an acceptable fit to the data. Full utilization of the higher signal-to-noise small-scale measurements is hindered by uncertainty in the impact of baryon feedback and assembly bias, which we account for with a reasoned theoretical error budget. We incorporate a systematic inconsistency parameter for each redshift bin, A, that decouples the lensing and clustering. With a wide range of scales, we find different results for the consistency between the two cosmologies. Limiting the analysis to the bins for which the impact of the lens sample selection is expected to be minimal, for the Lensing cosmology, the measurements are consistent with A = 1; A = 0.91 ± 0.04 (A = 0.97 ± 0.06) using DES+KiDS (HSC). For the Planck case, we find a discrepancy: A = 0.79 ± 0.03 (A = 0.84 ± 0.05) using DES+KiDS (HSC). We demonstrate that a kinematic Sunyaev–Zeldovich-based estimate for baryonic effects alleviates some of the discrepancy in the Planck cosmology. This analysis demonstrates the statistical power of small-scale measurements; however, caution is still warranted given modelling uncertainties and foreground sample selection effects.

Copyright and License

Data Availability

The data underlying this article cannot be shared publicly due to collaboration embargoes. The data will be shared on reasonable request to the corresponding author.

Software References

This research manuscript made use of Astropy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013, 2018) and Matplotlib (Hunter 2007), and has been prepared using NASA’s Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services. The authorship list reflects the two lead authors (AA, NR). Authors HM, CH, MW, JD, SY, RHW, TNV, SB, AD, SM, AR, and HH contributed ideas and components of the paper. Authors who made infrastructure contributions to the DES Year 3 and KiDS-1000 data and the Dark Emulator form the first alphabetical group, and the second is for DES and KiDS builders

Acknowledgement

We thank Stefania Amodeo and Nicholas Battaglia for sharing the baryon predictions from Amodeo et al. (2021) shown in Fig. 7 and Hong Guo for sharing the BOSS clustering measurements. We thank George Efstathiou, Johannes Lange, and Alexie Leauthaud for many useful discussions during the preparation of this manuscript and comments that improved the draft. We are also grateful for the feedback from the KiDS, DES, and HSC teams on this manuscript, and for the enjoyable cross-survey collaborative experience.

AA acknowledges financial support from the award of a Kavli Institute Fellowship at KIPAC and at KICC. HM and TN are supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19H00677, by Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) CREST JPMHCR1414, and by JST AIP Network Lab Acceleration Research Grant Number JP20317829. HM is supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 20H01932 and 21H05456, and by JSPS Core-to-Core Program Grant Numbers JPJSCCA20200002 and JPJSCCA20210003. CH, MA, and TT acknowledge support from the European Research Council under grant number 647112. CH also acknowledges support from the Max Planck Society and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation in the framework of the Max Planck-Humboldt Research Award endowed by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research. TN is supported in part by MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP20H05861 and JP21H01081. MB is supported by the Polish National Science Centre through grant numbers 2020/38/E/ST9/00395, 2018/30/E/ST9/00698, 2018/31/G/ST9/03388, and 2020/39/B/ST9/03494, and by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education through grant DIR/WK/2018/12. JdJ is supported by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) through grant 621.016.402. HHi is supported by a Heisenberg grant of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Hi 1495/5-1), and AD and AW acknowledge support from an ERC Consolidator Grant (No. 770935). HHo acknowledges support from Vici grant 639.043.512, financed by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). HYS acknowledges the support from CMS-CSST-2021-A01 and CMS-CSST-2021-B01, NSFC of China under grant 11973070, the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology grant No. 19ZR1466600, and Key Research Program of Frontier Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Grant No. ZDBS-LY-7013. TT acknowledges support from the Leverhulme Trust.

These KiDS data are based on observations made with ESO telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under programme IDs 177.A-3016, 177.A-3017, 177.A-3018, and 179.A-2004, and on data products produced by the KiDS consortium. The KiDS production team acknowledges support from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, ERC, NOVA, and NWO-M grants; Target; the University of Padova, and the University Federico II (Naples).

Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the collaborating institutions in the Dark Energy Survey.

The collaborating institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, NFS’s NOIRLab, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium.

Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory at NSF’s NOIRLab (NOIRLab Prop. ID 2012B-0001; PI: J. Frieman), which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation.

The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021,SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672,291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) do Universo Online (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2).

This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.

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Additional details

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
20H01932
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
21H05456
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
JPJSCCA20200002
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
JPJSCCA20210003
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
JP20H05861
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
JP21H01081
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
19H00677
Japan Science and Technology Agency
CREST JPMHCR1414
Japan Science and Technology Agency
JP20317829
European Research Council
647112
European Research Council
770935
European Research Council
240672
European Research Council
291329
European Research Council
306478
Max Planck Society
Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
Federal Ministry of Education and Research
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
National Science Center
2020/38/E/ST9/00395
National Science Center
2018/30/E/ST9/00698
National Science Center
2018/31/G/ST9/03388
National Science Center
2020/39/B/ST9/03494
Ministry of Science and Higher Education
DIR/WK/2018/12
Dutch Research Council
621.016.402
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Hi 1495/5-1
Dutch Research Council
CMS-CSST-2021-A01
Dutch Research Council
CMS-CSST-2021-B01
National Natural Science Foundation of China
11973070
Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology
19ZR1466600
Key Research Program of Frontier Science
Chinese Academy of Sciences
ZDBS-LY-7013
Leverhulme Trust
European School of Oncology
177.A-3016
European School of Oncology
177.A-3017
European School of Oncology
177.A-3018
European School of Oncology
179.A-2004
Nurses Organization of Veterans Affairs
University of Padua
United States Department of Energy
DE-AC02-07CH11359
National Science Foundation
AST-1138766
National Science Foundation
AST-1536171
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
ESP2017-89838
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
PGC2018-094773
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
PGC2018-102021
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
SEV-2016-0588
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
SEV-2016-0597
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
MDM-2015-0509
European Commission
European Commission
Government of Catalonia
Folha (Brazil)
465376/2014-2
Office of Science
Office of High Energy Physics

Accepted: 2022-10-07

Accepted
Available: 2022-10-16

Published online
Available: 2022-11-16

Corrected and typeset

Publication Status: Published

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Consistent lensing and clustering in a low-S₈ Universe with BOSS, DES Year 3, HSC Year 1, and KiDS-1000

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Consistent lensing and clustering in a low-S₈ Universe with BOSS, DES Year 3, HSC Year 1, and KiDS-1000

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