www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/
341/6
153/1239505/DC1
Supplementary Materials
for
Curiosity at Gale Crater, Mars: Characterization and
Analysis of the Rocknest Sand Shadow
D. F. Blake,* R. V. Morris, G.
Kocurek, S. M. Morrison, R. T. Downs, D.
Bish,
D. W. Ming, K. S. Edgett, D.
Rubin, W.
Goetz, M. B. Madsen, R.
Sullivan,
R. Gellert,
I. Campbell, A. H. Treiman, S.
M.
McLennan, A. S. Yen, J.
Grotzinger,
D. T. Vaniman, S. J. Chipera, C. N. Achilles, E. B. Rampe, D.
Sumner,
P.-Y. Meslin, S.
Maurice, O.
Forni, O.
Gasnault,
M.
Fisk, M.
Schmidt,
P. Mahaffy, L. A. Leshin, D.
Glavin, A.
Steele, C.
Freissinet,
R. Navarro-González, R. A. Yingst, L. C. Kah,
N. Bridges, K. W. Lewis,
T. F. Bristow, J. D. Farmer, J. A. Crisp, E. M. Stolper, D. J. Des Marais,
P. Sarrazin, MSL Science Team
*Corresponding author. E-mail: david.blake@nasa.gov
Published
27 September
2013
,
Science
34
1
, 1239505 (2013)
DOI: 10.1126/science.1239505
This PDF file includes:
Supplementary Text
Figs. S1 to S4
Tables S1 and S2
MSL Science Team Author List
References
Supplementary Text
Calculation of mineral compositions
from their unit-cell parameters
The chemical compositions of the majo
r mineral phases found in the Rocknest
sediment fines were determined by relating th
eir refined unit-cell parameters (Table S1,
from (
20
)) to those published in the literature (
22
). The figures below show the unit-cell
parameter versus chemical composition plots used to estimate the elemental compositions
of olivine, plagioclase, augite and pigeonite (Table 3) and their empirical chemical
formulas (Table S2).
Olivine
The Mg-content of olivine was obtained from the variation of Mg-content versus the
unit-cell volume using data from the fayalite-for
sterite join (Fig. S1). The least-squares
equation for the number of atoms of Mg per
formula unit (Mg#) as a function of the unit-
cell volume is:
Mg# = -0.0578V + 17.801
Plagioclase
The refined unit-cell parameters provided information on the composition of
plagioclase feldspar along the Ca-Na joi
n. High-Ca feldspars are characterized by a
c
unit-cell parameter that is doubl
e that of lower-Ca feldspars;
therefore, our data were
restricted to the lower-Ca feldspars. Variat
ions in Ca-content with unit-cell parameters
are given in Fig. S2a, S2b and S2c. Fig. S2a shows that the
b
unit-cell parameter is not
suitable for determining composition; therefore
c
and
α
were selected to determine the
chemistry.
Ca# = 157.0882779c
2
- 2251.2412721c + 8065.692 (Fig. S2b)
Ca# = 0.6896416
α
2
- 130.2226916
α
+ 6147.38751 (Fig. S2c)
Augite
Mg-content can be obtained fr
om the variation of the
b
unit-cell parameter (Fig.
S3a).
Mg# = -9.8029b + 88.509
Fe/Mg content as a function of
β
has two sets of well-determ
ined trends, that of Ca#
= 1.0 and Ca# = 0.8 (Fig. S3b). Regressions of
Mg-content for these two trends are:
Mg# = 0.9157
β
- 95.956 (Ca# = 1.0)
Mg# = 1.3719
β
- 144.74 (Ca# = 0.8)
2
Substituting the value of Mg# determined from
b
produced
β
equal to 105.761
°
for
the Ca# = 1.0 trend and
β
equal to 106.145
°
for the Ca# = 0.8 trend. Linear interpolation,
using our value of
β
, gives Ca# = 0.75. The value for Fe# = 2 - Mg# - Ca#.
Pigeonite
The Mg-content of pigeonite can be obtained from the
b
unit-cell parameter (Fig.
S4a).
Mg# = -8.9762
b
+ 81.195
The Mg-Ca content as a function of unit-
cell volume, V, has two sets of well-
developed trends, that of Fe# = 1 and Fe# =
0 (Fig. S4b). Regressi
ons of Mg-content for
these two trends are:
Mg# = -0.0471V + 21.148 (Fe# = 1)
Mg# = -0.0254V + 12.572 (Fe# = 0)
Substituting the refined unit-cell volume from the Rocknest pigeonite gave Mg# =
0.89 for the Fe# = 1 trend and Mg# = 1.65 for th
e Fe# = 0 trend. Linear interpolation,
using the Rocknest pigeonite Mg# estimated from
b
(1.13), gives Fe# = 0.68. The values
for Ca# = 2 - Mg# - Fe#.
3
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
290
292
294
296
298
300
302
304
306
Mg
‐
Content
(apfu)
unit
‐
cell
volume
(Å
3
)
Fig. S1.
Mg-content of Fa-Fo olivine as a function
of unit-cell volume. The black triangle
represents the Rocknest olivine,
indicating a composition of Fo 62.
4
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
12.76
12.78
12.8
12.82
12.84
12.86
12.88
Ca
‐
content
(apfu)
b
unit
‐
cell
parameter
(Å)
Fig. S2a
Ca-content of K-free plagiocl
ase as a function of the
b
unit-cell parameter. The large
scatter of data provides an error estimate of 12%.
5
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
7.08
7.10
7.12
7.14
7.16
Ca
‐
content
(apfu)
c
unit
‐
cell
parameter
(Å)
Fig. S2b
Ca-content of K-free plagiocl
ase as a function of the
c
unit-cell parameter. This trend
provides a lower bound on the amount of Ca (b
lack triangle denotes
Rocknest data).
6
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
93.1
93.3
93.5
93.7
93.9
94.1
94.3
Ca
‐
content
(apfu)
α
unit
‐
cell
parameter
(Å)
Fig. S2c
Ca-content of K-free plagiocl
ase as a function of the
α
unit-cell parameter. This trend
provides an upper bound on the amount of Ca
(black triangle repres
ents the Rocknest
plagioclase).
7
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
8.90
8.92
8.94
8.96
8.98
9.00
9.02
9.04
Mg
‐
content
(apfu)
b
‐
cell
edge
(Å)
Fig. S3a
Variation of Mg-content with
b
unit-cell parameter in augite
. Blue diamonds represent
samples with Ca# = 0.8 and red squares are Ca
# = 1. The black tria
ngle represents the
Rocknest augite – corresponding to a Mg# of 0.88.
8
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
104.5
105
105.5
106
106.5
Mg
‐
content
(apfu)
β
angle
(°)
Ca
=
1
Ca
=
0.8
Fig. S3b
Ca-content in augite obtained by scaling th
e separation between the two trends of Mg-
content versus
β
angle at Ca# = 1 (red squares) and Ca# = 0.8 (blue diamonds). The
black triangle represents the Rockne
st augite Mg-content at the refined
β
angle and
corresponds to Ca# = 0.75.
9
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
8.8
8.85
8.9
8.95
9
9.05
Mg
‐
content
(apfu)
b
‐
cell
edge
(Å)
Fe
=
0
Fe
=
1
Fig. S4a
Variation of Mg-content with
b
unit-cell parameter in pigeonite. Blue diamonds
represent Fe# = 0 and red squares are Fe#
= 1. The estimated Mg# of the Rocknest
pigeonite is 1.13 and is marked
with the black triangle.
10
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.3
1.5
1.7
1.9
2.1
410
415
420
425
430
435
440
Mg
‐
content
(apfu)
Unit
‐
cell
volume
(Å
3
)
Fe
=
0
Fe
=
1
Fig. S4b
Fe-content in pigeonite - from the Mg-conten
t determined above and scaling between the
trends of samples with no Fe (blue diamonds
) and Fe# = 1 (red squares), the Rocknest
pigeonite is estimated to contain 0.68 apfu Fe.
11
12
Table S1.
Wt. % and refined unit-cell parameters of the
major crystalline phase
s in Rocknest (20).
Mineral Wt.%
2
σ
a
(Å)
b
(Å)
c
(Å)
α
(°)
β
(°)
γ
(°)
plagioclase
40.8%
2.4%
8.177(6)
12.868(9) 7.113(5)
93.43(4) 116.26(2)
90.13(3)
forsterite 22.4%
1.9%
10.327(7)
6.034(7)
4.771(5)
90
90
90
augite 14.6%
2.8%
9.782(9)
8.939(9)
5.269(7)
90
106.25(9)
90
pigeonite 13.8%
2.8%
9.652(9)
8.92(1)
5.254(7)
90
108.0(1)
90
Table S2.
Oxide wt. % compositions of the crystalline mineral phases pr
esent in the <150 μm size fr
action of Rocknest sediment
augite
olivine
plagioclase
pigeonite
magnetite
hematite ilmenite
sanidine
quartz
anhydrite
Total
SiO
2
53.58
36.49
53.81
53.36
0
0
0
64.76
100
0
48.66
TiO
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
52.65
0
0
0
0.37
Al
2
O
3
0
0
29.50
0
0
0
0
18.32
0
0
13.04
FeO 11.85
33.16
0
21.69
87
100
47.35
0
0
0
13.95
MnO 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.00
MgO 15.81
30.35
0
20.22
0
0
0
0
0
0
11.17
CaO 18.75
0
11.78
4.73
0
0
0
0
0
41.19
9.30
Na
2
O 0
0
4.91
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.11
K
2
O 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
16.92
0
0
0.36
SO
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
58.81
0.82
Component 0.146
0.224
0.408
0.138
0.021
0.011
0.009
0.013
0.014
0.015
1
3
List of the members of the Mars Science Laboratory Science Team
Achilles, Cherie
Jacobs Technology (at NASA JSC)
Agard, Christophe
CNES (Centre
National d'Etudes Spatiales)
Alves Verdasca, José Alexandre
CAB (Centro de Astrobiología)
Anderson, Robert
NASA JPL
Anderson, Ryan
USGS Flagstaff
Archer, Doug
NASA Postdoc Program (at NASA JSC)
Armiens-Aparicio, Carlos
CA
B (Centro de Astrobiología)
Arvidson, Ray
WUSTL (Washington
University in St. Louis)
Atlaskin, Evgeny
FMI (Finnish Meteorological
Institute) and Univer
sity of Helsinki
Atreya, Sushil
University of Michigan Ann Arbor
Aubrey, Andrew
NASA JPL
Baker, Burt
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
Baker, Michael
Caltech
Balic-Zunic, Tonci
University of Copenhagen
Baratoux, David
IRAP (Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique
et Planetologie)
Baroukh, Julien
CNES (Centre
National d'Etudes Spatiales)
Barraclough, Bruce
PSI (Planetary Science Institute)
Bean, Keri
Texas A&M
Beegle, Luther
NASA JPL
Behar, Alberto
NASA JPL
Bell, James
ASU (Arizona State University)
Bender, Steve
PSI (Planetary Science Institute)
Benna, Mehdi
University of Mary
land Baltimore County (at NASA GSFC)
Bentz, Jennifer
University of Saskatchewan
Berger, Gilles
IRAP (Institut de Recherch
e en Astrophysique
et Planetologie)
Berger, Jeff
University of New Mexico (Western Univ. May 1)
14
Berman, Daniel
PSI (Planetary Science Institute)
Bish, David
Indiana University Bloomington
Blake, David F.
NASA Ames
Blanco Avalos, Juan J.
Universidad de Alcalá de Henares
Blaney, Diana
NASA JPL
Blank, Jen
BAER (at NASA Ames)
Blau, Hannah
University of Massachusetts
Bleacher, Lora
USRA-LPI (at NASA GSFC)
Boehm, Eckart
University of Kiel
Botta, Oliver
Swiss Space Office
Böttcher, Stephan
University of Kiel
Boucher, Thomas
University of Massachusetts
Bower, Hannah
University of Maryland College Park
Boyd, Nick
University of Guelph
Boynton, Bill
University of Arizona
Breves, Elly
Mount Holyoke College
Bridges, John
University of Leicester
Bridges, Nathan
APL (Johns Hopkins Un
iversity Applied Physics Laboratory)
Brinckerhoff, William
NASA GSFC
Brinza, David
NASA JPL
Bristow, Thomas
NASA Postdoc Program (at NASA Ames)
Brunet, Claude
CSA (Canadian Space Agency)
Brunner, Anna
University of Maryland College Park (at GSFC)
Brunner, Will
inXitu
Buch, Arnaud
LGPM, Ecole Centrale Paris (Laboratoire
Génie des Procédés et Matériaux)
Bullock, Mark
SwRI (Southwest Research Institute)
Burmeister, Sönke
University of Kiel
Cabane, Michel
LATMOS (Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milie
ux, Observations Spatiales)
15
Calef, Fred
NASA JPL
Cameron, James
Lightstorm Entertainment Inc.
Campbell, John "Iain"
University of Guelph
Cantor, Bruce
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
Caplinger, Michael
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
Caride Rodríguez, Javier
CA
B (Centro de Astrobiología)
Carmosino, Marco
University of Massachusetts
Carrasco Blázquez, Isaías
CAB (Centro de Astrobiología)
Charpentier, Antoine
ATOS Origin
Chipera, Steve
Chesapeake Energy
Choi, David
NASA Postdoc Program (at NASA GSFC)
Clark, Benton
SSI (Space Science Institute)
Clegg, Sam
LANL (Los Alamos National Lab)
Cleghorn, Timothy
NASA JSC
Cloutis, Ed
University of Winnipeg
Cody, George
Carnegie Institution of Washington
Coll, Patrice
LISA (Laboratoire Interuniversitair
e des Systèmes Atmosphériques), Université Paris
Conrad, Pamela
NASA GSFC
Coscia, David
LATMOS (Laboratoire Atmos
phères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales)
Cousin, Agnès
LANL (Los
Alamos National Lab)
Cremers, David
ARA (Applied
Research Associates, Inc.)
Crisp, Joy
NASA JPL
Cros, Alain
IRAP (Institut de Recherch
e en Astrophysique
et Planetologie)
Cucinotta, Frank
NASA JSC
d’Uston, Claude
IRAP (Institut de Recher
che en Astrophysique
et Planetologie)
Davis, Scott
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
Day, Mackenzie "Kenzie"
University of Texas at Austin
de la Torre Juarez, Manuel
NASA JPL
16
DeFlores, Lauren
NASA JPL
DeLapp, Dorothea
LANL (Los
Alamos National Lab)
DeMarines, Julia
Denver Muse
um of Nature & Science
DesMarais, David
NASA Ames
Dietrich, William
University of California Berkeley
Dingler, Robert
LANL (Los Alamos National Lab)
Donny, Christophe
CNES (Centre
National d'Etudes Spatiales)
Downs, Bob
University of Arizona
Drake, Darrell
retired
Dromart, Gilles
LGL-TPE (Laboratoire de Géol
ogié de Lyon : Terre, Planète, Environnement )
Dupont, Audrey
CS Systemes d'Information
Duston, Brian
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
Dworkin, Jason
NASA GSFC
Dyar, M. Darby
Mount Holyoke College
Edgar, Lauren
ASU (Arizona State University)
Edgett, Kenneth
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
Edwards, Christopher
Caltech
Edwards, Laurence
NASA Ames
Ehlmann, Bethany
Caltech
Ehresmann, Bent
SwRI (Southwest Research Institute)
Eigenbrode, Jen
NASA GSFC
Elliott, Beverley
University of New Brunswick
Elliott, Harvey
University of Michigan Ann Arbor
Ewing, Ryan
University of Alabama
Fabre, Cécile
G2R (Géologié et Gestion
des Ressources Minérales et Energétique)
Fairén, Alberto
Cornell University
Farley, Ken
Caltech
Farmer, Jack
ASU (Arizona State University)
17
Fassett, Caleb
Mount Holyoke College
Favot, Laurent
Capgemini France
Fay, Donald
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
Fedosov, Fedor
Space Research Institute
Feldman, Jason
NASA JPL
Feldman, Sabrina
NASA JPL
Fisk, Marty
Oregon State University
Fitzgibbon, Mike
University of Arizona
Flesch, Greg
NASA JPL
Floyd, Melissa
NASA GSFC
Flückiger, Lorenzo
Carnegie Mellon University (at NASA Ames)
Forni, Olivier
IRAP (Institut de Recher
che en Astrophysique
et Planetologie)
Fraeman, Abby
WUSTL (Washington University in St. Louis)
Francis, Raymond
University of Western Ontario
François, Pascaline
LISA (Laboratoi
re Interuniversitaire de
s Systèmes Atmosphériques), Université Paris
Franz, Heather
University of Ma
ryland Baltimore County (at NASA GSFC)
Freissinet, Caroline
NASA Postdoc Program (at NASA GSFC)
French, Katherine Louise
MIT
Frydenvang, Jens
University of Copenhagen
Gaboriaud, Alain
CNES (Centre
National d'Etudes Spatiales)
Gailhanou, Marc
CNRS (Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique)
Garvin, James
NASA GSFC
Gasnault, Olivier
IRAP (Institut de Recher
che en Astrophysique
et Planetologie)
Geffroy, Claude
IC2MP (Institut de Chimie
des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers)
Gellert, Ralf
University of Guelph
Genzer, Maria
FMI (Finnish Meteorological Institute)
Glavin, Daniel
NASA GSFC
Godber, Austin
ASU (Arizona State University)
18
Goesmann, Fred
Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
Goetz, Walter
Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
Golovin, Dmitry
Space Research Institute
Gómez Gómez, Felipe
Centro de Astrobiología
Gómez-Elvira, Javier
Ce
ntro de Astrobiología
Gondet, Brigitte
IAS (Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale)
Gordon, Suzanne
University of New Mexico
Gorevan, Stephen
Honeybee Robotics
Grant, John
Smithsonian Institution
Griffes, Jennifer
Caltech
Grinspoon, David
Denver Museum of Nature & Science
Grotzinger, John
Caltech
Guillemot, Philippe
CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales)
Guo, Jingnan
SwRI (Southwest Research Institute)
Gupta, Sanjeev
Imperial College
Guzewich, Scott
NASA Postdoc Program (at NASA GSFC)
Haberle, Robert
NASA Ames
Halleaux, Douglas
University of Michigan Ann Arbor
Hallet, Bernard
University of Washington Seattle
Hamilton, Vicky
(SwRI) Southwest Research Institute
Hardgrove, Craig
MSSS (Malin
Space Science Systems)
Harker, David
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
Harpold, Daniel
NASA GSFC
Harri, Ari-Matti
FMI (Finnish
Meteorological Institute)
Harshman, Karl
University of Arizona
Hassler, Donald
SwRI (Southwest Research Institute)
Haukka, Harri
FMI (Finnish
Meteorological Institute)
Hayes, Alex
Cornell University
19
Herkenhoff, Ken
USGS Flagstaff
Herrera, Paul
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
Hettrich, Sebastian
CAB (Centro de Astrobiología)
Heydari, Ezat
Jackson State University
Hipkin, Victoria
CSA (Canadian Space Agency)
Hoehler, Tori
NASA Ames
Hollingsworth, Jeff
NASA Ames
Hudgins, Judy
Salish Kootenai College
Huntress, Wesley
Retired
Hurowitz, Joel
NASA JPL
Hviid, Stubbe
Max Planck Institut
e for Solar System Research
Iagnemma, Karl
MIT
Indyk, Steve
Honeybee Robotics
Israël, Guy
CNRS and LATMOS
Jackson, Ryan
LANL (Los Alamos National Lab)
Jacob, Samantha
University of Hawai'i at Manoa
Jakosky, Bruce
University of Colorado Boulder
Jensen, Elsa
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
Jensen, Jaqueline Kløvgaard
University of Copenhagen
Johnson, Jeffrey
APL (Johns Hopkins Univ
ersity Applied Physics Laboratory)
Johnson, Micah
Microtel (at NASA GSFC)
Johnstone, Steve
LANL (Los Alamos National Lab)
Jones, Andrea
USRA-LPI (at NASA GSFC)
Jones, John
NASA JSC
Joseph, Jonathan
Cornell University
Jun, Insoo
NASA JPL
Kah, Linda
University of Tennessee Knoxville
Kahanpää, Henrik
FMI (Finnish
Meteorological Institute)
20
Kahre, Melinda
NASA Ames
Karpushkina, Natalya
Space Research Institute
Kasprzak, Wayne
NASA GSFC
Kauhanen, Janne
FMI (Finnish
Meteorological Institute)
Keely, Leslie
NASA Ames
Kemppinen, Osku
FMI (Finnish Meteorological Institute)
Keymeulen, Didier
NASA JPL
Kim, Myung-Hee
USRA (at NASA JSC)
Kinch, Kjartan
University of Copenhagen
King, Penny
ANU (Australian National University)
Kirkland, Laurel
LPI (Lunar
and Planetary Institute)
Kocurek, Gary
University of Texas at Austin
Koefoed, Asmus
University of Copenhagen
Köhler, Jan
University of Kiel
Kortmann, Onno
University
of California Berkeley
Kozyrev, Alexander
Space Research Institute
Krezoski, Jill
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
Krysak, Daniel
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
Kuzmin, Ruslan
Space Research In
stitute and Vernadsky Institute
Lacour, Jean Luc
CEA (Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomi
que et aux Énergies Alternatives)
Lafaille, Vivian
CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales)
Langevin, Yves
IAS (Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale)
Lanza, Nina
LANL (Los Alamos National Lab)
Lasue, Jeremie
IRAP (Institut de Recher
che en Astrophysique
et Planetologie)
Le Mouélic, Stéphane
LPGN (Laboratoire
de Planétologie et Géodynamique de Nantes)
Lee, Ella Mae
USGS Flagstaff
Lee, Qiu-Mei
IRAP (Institut de Recherch
e en Astrophysique
et Planetologie)
Lees, David
Carnegie Mellon University (at NASA Ames)
21
Lefavor, Matthew
Micr
otel (at NASA GSFC)
Lemmon, Mark
Texas A&M
Lepinette Malvitte, Alain
CA
B (Centro de Astrobiología)
Leshin, Laurie
RPI (Renssel
aer Polytechnic Institute)
Léveillé, Richard
CSA (Canadian Space Agency)
Lewin-Carpintier, Éric
ISTerre (Institut des Sciences de la Terre)
Lewis, Kevin
Princeton University
Li, Shuai
Brown University
Lipkaman, Leslie
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
Little, Cynthia
LANL (Los
Alamos National Lab)
Litvak, Maxim
Space Research Institute
Lorigny, Eric
CNES (Centre Na
tional d'Etudes Spatiales)
Lugmair, Guenter
UCSD (University of California San Diego)
Lundberg, Angela
Delaware State University
Lyness, Eric
Microtel (at NASA GSFC)
Madsen, Morten
University of Copenhagen
Mahaffy, Paul
NASA GSFC
Maki, Justin
NASA JPL
Malakhov, Alexey
Space Research Institute
Malespin, Charles
US
RA (at NASA GSFC)
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Concordia College
Marchand, Geneviève
CSA (Canadian Space Agency)
Marín Jiménez, Mercedes
CAB (Centro de Astrobiología)
Martín García, César
University of Kiel
Martin, Dave
NASA GSFC
22
Martin, Mildred
Catholic University of America (at NASA GSFC)
Martínez-Frías, Jesús
Centro de Astrobiología
Martín-Soler, Javier
CAB (Centro de Astrobiología)
Martín-Torres, F. Javier
Centro de Astrobiología
Mauchien, Patrick
CEA (Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomi
que et aux Énergies Alternatives)
Maurice, Sylvestre
IRAP (Institut de Rech
erche en Astrophysique
et Planetologie)
McAdam, Amy
NASA GSFC
McCartney, Elaina
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
McConnochie, Timothy
University of Maryland (at NASA GSFC)
McCullough, Emily
University of Western Ontario
McEwan, Ian
Ashima Research
McKay, Christopher
NASA Ames
McLennan, Scott
SUNY Stony Brook
McNair, Sean
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
Melikechi, Noureddine
Delaware State University
Meslin, Pierre-Yves
IRAP (Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique
et Planetologie)
Meyer, Michael
NASA Headquarters
Mezzacappa, Alissa
Delawa
re State University
Miller, Hayden
Caltech
Miller, Kristen
MIT
Milliken, Ralph
Brown University
Ming, Douglas
NASA JSC
Minitti, Michelle
ASU (A
rizona State University)
Mischna, Michael
NASA JPL
Mitrofanov, Igor
Space Research Institute
Moersch, Jeff
University of Tennessee Knoxville
Mokrousov, Maxim
Space Re
search Institute
Molina Jurado, Antonio
CAB (Centro de Astrobiología)
23
Moores, John
York University
Mora-Sotomayor, Luis
CAB (Centro de Astrobiología)
Morookian, John Michael
NASA JPL
Morris, Richard
NASA JSC
Morrison, Shaunna
University of Arizona
Mueller-Mellin, Reinhold
University of Kiel
Muller, Jan-Peter
UCL (University College London)
Muñoz Caro, Guillermo
CAB (Centro de Astrobiología)
Nachon, Marion
LPGN (Laboratoire de Pl
anétologie et Géodynamique de Nantes)
Navarro López, Sara
CAB (Centro de Astrobiología)
Navarro-González, Rafael
UNAM (University Nacional Autónoma de México)
Nealson, Kenneth
USC (University
of Southern California)
Nefian, Ara
Carnegie Mellon University (at NASA Ames)
Nelson, Tony
LANL (Los Alamos National Lab)
Newcombe, Megan
Caltech
Newman, Claire
Ashima Research
Newsom, Horton
University of New Mexico
Nikiforov, Sergey
Space Research Institute
Niles, Paul
NASA JSC
Nixon, Brian
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
Noe Dobrea, Eldar
PSI (Planetary Science Institute)
Nolan, Thomas
Nolan Engineering (at NASA GSFC)
Oehler, Dorothy
Jacobs Technology (at NASA JSC)
Ollila, Ann
University of New Mexico
Olson, Timothy
Salish Kootenai College
Owen, Tobias
University of Hawai'i at Manoa
Pablo Hernández, Miguel Ángel de
Universidad de Alcalá de Henares
Paillet, Alexis
CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales)
24
Pallier, Etienne
IRAP (Institut de Recher
che en Astrophysique
et Planetologie)
Palucis, Marisa
University of California Berkeley
Parker, Timothy
NASA JPL
Parot, Yann
IRAP (Institut de Recherch
e en Astrophysique
et Planetologie)
Patel, Kiran
Global Science & Technology, Inc. (at NASA GSFC)
Paton, Mark
FMI (Finnish
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Paulsen, Gale
Honeybee Robotics
Pavlov, Alex
NASA GSFC
Pavri, Betina
NASA JPL
Peinado-González, Verónica
CA
B (Centro de Astrobiología)
Pepin, Robert
University of Minnesota
Peret, Laurent
ATOS Origin
Perez, Rene
CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales)
Perrett, Glynis
University of Guelph
Peterson, Joe
SwRI (Southwest Research Institute)
Pilorget, Cedric
Caltech
Pinet, Patrick
IRAP (Institut de Recher
che en Astrophysique
et Planetologie)
Pla-García, Jorge
CAB (C
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USRA (at NASA JSC)
Poitrasson, Franck
CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scien
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Polkko, Jouni
FMI (Finnish Meteorological Institute)
Popa, Radu
USC (University of Southern California)
Posiolova, Liliya
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
Posner, Arik
NASA Headquarters
Pradler, Irina
University of Guelph
Prats, Benito
eINFORMe Inc. (at NASA GSFC)
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Space Research Institute
25
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Smithsonian Institution
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NASA GSFC
Radziemski, Leon
Piezo Energy Technologies, Tucson
Rafkin, Scot
SwRI (Southwest Research Institute)
Ramos, Miguel
Universida
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Rampe, Elizabeth
NASA Postdoc Program (at NASA JSC)
Raulin, François
LISA (Laboratoire
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Ravine, Michael
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
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DLR (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt)
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University of Michigan Ann Arbor
Rice, Melissa
NASA Postdoc
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Ashima Research
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Brown University
Rodriguez Manfredi, José Antoni
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CAB (Centro de Astrobiología)
Romeral-Planelló, Julio J.
CA
B (Centro de Astrobiología)
Rowland, Scott
University
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USGS Santa Cruz
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CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales)
Salamon, Andrew
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
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Space Research Institute
Sans Fuentes, Sara Alejandr
a
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Saper, Lee
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
Sarrazin, Philippe
inXitu
Sautter, Violaine
LMCM (Laboratoire de
Minéralogie et Cosmochimie du Muséum)
Savijärvi, Hannu
University of Helsinki
Schieber, Juergen
Indiana
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26
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Brock University
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FMI (Finnish Meteorological Institute)
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WUSTL (Washi
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NASA JPL
Schröder, Susanne
IRAP (Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planetologie)
Schwenzer, Susanne
Open University
Sebastian Martinez, Eduardo
CA
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Sengstacken, Aaron
NASA JPL
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Space Research Institute
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Caltech
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NASA JPL
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CEA (Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomi
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Slavney, Susie
WUSTL (Washington
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Sletten, Ronald
University
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Smith, Michael
NASA GSFC
Sobrón Sánchez, Pablo
CSA (Canadian Space Agency)
Spanovich, Nicole
NASA JPL
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University of New Brunswick
Squyres, Steven
Cornell University
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Caltech
Stalport, Fabien
LISA (Labor
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s Systèmes Atmosphériques)
Steele, Andrew
Geophysical Lab, Carn
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WUSTL (Washington
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NASA GSFC
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Salish Kootenai College
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MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
27
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Caltech
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USGS Flagstaff
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Cornell University
Summons, Roger
MIT
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University
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Brown University
Supulver, Kimberley
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
Sutter, Brad
Jacobs Technology (at NASA JSC)
Szopa, Cyril
LATMOS (Laborat
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Tan, Florence
NASA GSFC
Tate, Christopher
University of Tennessee Knoxville
Teinturier, Samuel
LATMOS (Laboratoire Atmo
sphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales)
ten Kate, Inge
Utrecht University
Thomas, Peter
Cornell University
Thompson, Lucy
University of New Brunswick
Tokar, Robert
Planetary Science Institute
Toplis, Mike
IRAP (Institut de Recherch
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Torres Redondo, Josefina
CAB (Centro de Astrobiología)
Trainer, Melissa
NASA GSFC
Treiman, Allan
(LPI) Lunar and Planetary Institute
Tretyakov, Vladislav
Space
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Urqui-O'Callaghan, Roser
CAB
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Van Beek, Jason
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
Van Beek, Tessa
MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
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PSI (Planetary Science Institute)
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Space Research Institute
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NASA JPL
28
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University of Queensland
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Smithsonian Institution
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Space
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NASA Headquarters
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ASU (Arizona State University)
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WUSTL (Washington
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NASA JPL
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Big Head Endian LLC
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ASU (Ari
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CNRS (Centre Natio
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LANL (Los Alamos National Lab)
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NASA Ames a
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University of California Davis
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University of New Mexico
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PSI (Planetary Science Institute)
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LANL (Los Alamos National Lab)
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UCSF (University of Calif
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University of Kiel
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SSI (Space Science Institute)
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University of Michigan Ann Arbor
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MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
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MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
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CNES (Centre
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NASA JPL
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PSI (Planetary Science Institute) (at University of Wisconsin)
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SwRI (Southwest Research Institute)
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MSSS (Malin Space Science Systems)
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CAB
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29
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