Measurement of the W boson decay branching fraction ratio B(W → cq)/B(W → qq̅) in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Hayrapetyan, A.; Tumasyan, A.; Adam, W.; Andrejkovic, J.W.; Benato, L.; Bergauer, T.; Chatterjee, S.; Damanakis, K.; Dragicevic, M.; Hussain, P.S.; Jeitler, M.; Krammer, N.; Li, A.; Liko, D.; Mikulec, I.; Schieck, J.; Schöfbeck, R.; Schwarz, D.; Sonawane, M.; Waltenberger, W.; Wulz, C.-E.; Janssen, T.; Van Laer, T.; Van Mechelen, P.; Breugelmans, N.; D'Hondt, J.; Dansana, S.; De Moor, A.; Delcourt, M.; Heyen, F.; Lowette, S.; Makarenko, I.; Müller, D.; Tavernier, S.; Tytgat, M.; Van Onsem, G.P.; Van Putte, S.; Vannerom, D.; Bilin, B.; Clerbaux, B.; Das, A.K.; De Bruyn, I.; De Lentdecker, G.; Evard, H.; Favart, L.; Gianneios, P.; Jaramillo, J.; Khalilzadeh, A.; Khan, F.A.; Lee, K.; Malara, A.; Shahzad, M.A.; Thomas, L.; Vanden Bemden, M.; Vander Velde, C.; Vanlaer, P.; De Coen, M.; Dobur, D.; Gokbulut, G.; Hong, Y.; Knolle, J.; Lambrecht, L.; Marckx, D.; Mota Amarilo, K.; Skovpen, K.; Van Den Bossche, N.; van der Linden, J.; Wezenbeek, L.; Benecke, A.; Bethani, A.; Bruno, G.; Caputo, C.; De Favereau De Jeneret, J.; Delaere, C.; Donertas, I.S.; Giammanco, A.; Guzel, A.O.; Jain, Sa.; Lemaitre, V.; Lidrych, J.; Mastrapasqua, P.; Tran, T.T.; Turkcapar, S.; Alves, G.A.; Coelho, E.; Correia Silva, G.; Hensel, C.; Menezes De Oliveira, T.; Mora Herrera, C.; Rebello Teles, P.; Soeiro, M.; Tonelli Manganote, E.J.; Vilela Pereira, A.; Aldá Júnior, W.L.; Barroso Ferreira Filho, M.; Brandao Malbouisson, H.; Carvalho, W.; Chinellato, J.; Da Costa, E.M.; Da Silveira, G.G.; De Jesus Damiao, D.; Fonseca De Souza, S.; Gomes De Souza, R.; Laux Kuhn, T.; Macedo, M.; Martins, J.; Mundim, L.; Nogima, H.; Pinheiro, J.P.; Santoro, A.; Sznajder, A.; Thiel, M.; Bernardes, C.A.; Calligaris, L.; Fernandez Perez Tomei, T.R.; Gregores, E.M.; Maietto Silverio, I.; Mercadante, P.G.; Novaes, S.F.; Orzari, B.; Padula, Sandra S.; Aleksandrov, A.; Antchev, G.; Hadjiiska, R.; Iaydjiev, P.; Misheva, M.; Shopova, M.; Sultanov, G.; Dimitrov, A.; Litov, L.; Pavlov, B.; Petkov, P.; Petrov, A.; Shumka, E.; Keshri, S.; Laroze, D.; Thakur, S.; Cheng, T.; Javaid, T.; Yuan, L.; Hu, Z.; Liang, Z.; Liu, J.; Chen, G.M.; Chen, H.S.; Chen, M.; Iemmi, F.; Jiang, C.H.; Kapoor, A.; Liao, H.; Liu, Z.-A.; Sharma, R.; Song, J.N.; Tao, J.; Wang, C.; Wang, J.; Wang, Z.; Zhang, H.; Zhao, J.; Agapitos, A.; Ban, Y.; Carvalho Antunes De Oliveira, A.; Deng, S.; Guo, B.; Jiang, C.; Levin, A.; Li, C.; Li, Q.; Mao, Y.; Qian, S.; Qian, S.J.; Qin, X.; Sun, X.; Wang, D.; Yang, H.; Zhang, L.; Zhao, Y.; Zhou, C.; Yang, S.; You, Z.; Jaffel, K.; Lu, N.; Bauer, G.; Li, B.; Yi, K.; Zhang, J.; Li, Y.; Lin, Z.; Lu, C.; Xiao, M.; Avila, C.; Barbosa Trujillo, D.A.; Cabrera, A.; Florez, C.; Fraga, J.; Reyes Vega, J.A.; Rendón, C.; Rodriguez, M.; Ruales Barbosa, A.A.; Ruiz Alvarez, J.D.; Giljanovic, D.; Godinovic, N.; Lelas, D.; Sculac, A.; Kovac, M.; Petkovic, A.; Sculac, T.; Bargassa, P.; Brigljevic, V.; Chitroda, B.K.; Ferencek, D.; Jakovcic, K.; Starodumov, A.; Susa, T.; Attikis, A.; Christoforou, K.; Hadjiagapiou, A.; Leonidou, C.; Mousa, J.; Nicolaou, C.; Paizanos, L.; Ptochos, F.; Razis, P.A.; Rykaczewski, H.; Saka, H.; Stepennov, A.; Finger, M.; Finger, M.; Kveton, A.; Ayala, E.; Carrera Jarrin, E.; El-mahdy, B.; Khalil, S.; Salama, E.; Abdullah Al-Mashad, M.; Mahmoud, M.A.; Ehataht, K.; Kadastik, M.; Lange, T.; Nielsen, C.; Pata, J.; Raidal, M.; Tani, L.; Veelken, C.; Kirschenmann, H.; Osterberg, K.; Voutilainen, M.; Bharthuar, S.; Bin Norjoharuddeen, N.; Brücken, E.; Garcia, F.; Inkaew, P.; Kallonen, K.T.S.; Lampén, T.; Lassila-Perini, K.; Lehti, S.; Lindén, T.; Myllymäki, M.; Rantanen, M.m.; Siikonen, H.; Tuominiemi, J.; Luukka, P.; Petrow, H.; Besancon, M.; Couderc, F.; Dejardin, M.; Denegri, D.; Faure, J.L.; Ferri, F.; Ganjour, S.; Gras, P.; Hamel de Monchenault, G.; Kumar, M.; Lohezic, V.; Malcles, J.; Orlandi, F.; Portales, L.; Rosowsky, A.; Sahin, M.Ö.; Savoy-Navarro, A.; Simkina, P.; Titov, M.; Tornago, M.; Beaudette, F.; Boldrini, G.; Busson, P.; Cappati, A.; Charlot, C.; Chiusi, M.; Cuisset, T.D.; Damas, F.; Davignon, O.; De Wit, A.; Ehle, I.T.; Fontana Santos Alves, B.A.; Ghosh, S.; Gilbert, A.; Granier de Cassagnac, R.; Hakimi, A.; Harikrishnan, B.; Kalipoliti, L.; Liu, G.; Nguyen, M.; Ochando, C.; Salerno, R.; Sauvan, J.B.; Sirois, Y.; Urda Gómez, L.; Vernazza, E.; Zabi, A.; Zghiche, A.; Agram, J.-L.; Andrea, J.; Apparu, D.; Bloch, D.; Brom, J.-M.; Chabert, E.C.; Collard, C.; Falke, S.; Goerlach, U.; Haeberle, R.; Le Bihan, A.-C.; Meena, M.; Poncet, O.; Saha, G.; Sessini, M.A.; Van Hove, P.; Vaucelle, P.; Di Florio, A.; Amram, D.; Beauceron, S.; Blancon, B.; Boudoul, G.; Chanon, N.; Contardo, D.; Depasse, P.; Dozen, C.; El Mamouni, H.; Fay, J.; Gascon, S.; Gouzevitch, M.; Greenberg, C.; Grenier, G.; Ille, B.; Jourd'huy, E.; Lethuillier, M.; Mirabito, L.; Perries, S.; Purohit, A.; Vander Donckt, M.; Verdier, P.; Xiao, J.; Adamov, G.; Lomidze, I.; Tsamalaidze, Z.; Botta, V.; Consuegra Rodríguez, S.; Feld, L.; Klein, K.; Lipinski, M.; Meuser, D.; Pauls, A.; Pérez Adán, D.; Röwert, N.; Teroerde, M.; Diekmann, S.; Dodonova, A.; Eich, N.; Eliseev, D.; Engelke, F.; Erdmann, J.; Erdmann, M.; Fackeldey, P.; Fischer, B.; Hebbeker, T.; Hoepfner, K.; Ivone, F.; Jung, A.; Lee, M.y.; Mausolf, F.; Merschmeyer, M.; Meyer, A.; Mukherjee, S.; Noll, D.; Nowotny, F.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Rath, Y.; Redjeb, W.; Rehm, F.; Reithler, H.; Sarkisovi, V.; Schmidt, A.; Seth, C.; Sharma, A.; Spah, J.L.; Stein, A.; Torres Da Silva De Araujo, F.; Wiedenbeck, S.; Zaleski, S.; Dziwok, C.; Flügge, G.; Kress, T.; Nowack, A.; Pooth, O.; Stahl, A.; Ziemons, T.; Zotz, A.; Aarup Petersen, H.; Aldaya Martin, M.; Alimena, J.; Amoroso, S.; An, Y.; Bach, J.; Baxter, S.; Bayatmakou, M.; Becerril Gonzalez, H.; Behnke, O.; Belvedere, A.; Blekman, F.; Borras, K.; Campbell, A.; Cardini, A.; Cheng, C.; Colombina, F.; Eckerlin, G.; Eckstein, D.; Estevez Banos, L.I.; Gallo, E.; Geiser, A.; Guglielmi, V.; Guthoff, M.; Hinzmann, A.; Jeppe, L.; Kaech, B.; Kasemann, M.; Kleinwort, C.; Kogler, R.; Komm, M.; Krücker, D.; Lange, W.; Leyva Pernia, D.; Lipka, K.; Lohmann, W.; Lorkowski, F.; Mankel, R.; Melzer-Pellmann, I.-A.; Mendizabal Morentin, M.; Meyer, A.B.; Milella, G.; Moral Figueroa, K.; Mussgiller, A.; Nair, L.P.; Niedziela, J.; Nürnberg, A.; Otarid, Y.; Park, J.; Ranken, E.; Raspereza, A.; Rastorguev, D.; Rübenach, J.; Rygaard, L.; Saggio, A.; Scham, M.; Schnake, S.; Schütze, P.; Schwanenberger, C.; Selivanova, D.; Sharko, K.; Shchedrolosiev, M.; Stafford, D.; Vazzoler, F.; Ventura Barroso, A.; Walsh, R.; Wang, D.; Wang, Q.; Wichmann, K.; Wiens, L.; Wissing, C.; Yang, Y.; Zimermmane Castro Santos, A.; Albrecht, A.; Albrecht, S.; Antonello, M.; Bein, S.; Bollweg, S.; Bonanomi, M.; Connor, P.; El Morabit, K.; Fischer, Y.; Garutti, E.; Grohsjean, A.; Haller, J.; Hundhausen, D.; Jabusch, H.R.; Kasieczka, G.; Keicher, P.; Klanner, R.; Korcari, W.; Kramer, T.; Kuo, C.c.; Kutzner, V.; Labe, F.; Lange, J.; Lobanov, A.; Matthies, C.; Moureaux, L.; Mrowietz, M.; Nigamova, A.; Nissan, Y.; Paasch, A.; Pena Rodriguez, K.J.; Quadfasel, T.; Raciti, B.; Rieger, M.; Savoiu, D.; Schindler, J.; Schleper, P.; Schröder, M.; Schwandt, J.; Sommerhalder, M.; Stadie, H.; Steinbrück, G.; Tews, A.; Wiederspan, B.; Wolf, M.; Brommer, S.; Butz, E.; Chwalek, T.; Dierlamm, A.; Droll, A.; Elicabuk, U.; Faltermann, N.; Giffels, M.; Gottmann, A.; Hartmann, F.; Hofsaess, R.; Horzela, M.; Husemann, U.; Kieseler, J.; Klute, M.; Lavoryk, O.; Lawhorn, J.M.; Link, M.; Lintuluoto, A.; Maier, S.; Mitra, S.; Mormile, M.; Müller, Th.; Neukum, M.; Oh, M.; Pfeffer, E.; Presilla, M.; Quast, G.; Rabbertz, K.; Regnery, B.; Shadskiy, N.; Shvetsov, I.; Simonis, H.J.; Sowa, L.; Stockmeier, L.; Tauqeer, K.; Toms, M.; Topko, B.; Trevisani, N.; Von Cube, R.F.; Wassmer, M.; Wieland, S.; Wittig, F.; Wolf, R.; Zuo, X.; Anagnostou, G.; Daskalakis, G.; Kyriakis, A.; Papadopoulos, A.; Stakia, A.; Melachroinos, G.; Painesis, Z.; Paraskevas, I.; Saoulidou, N.; Theofilatos, K.; Tziaferi, E.; Vellidis, K.; Zisopoulos, I.; Bakas, G.; Chatzistavrou, T.; Karapostoli, G.; Kousouris, K.; 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Lee, K.; Lee, K.S.; Lee, S.; Yoo, J.; Goh, J.; Yang, S.; Kim, H.S.; Kim, Y.; Lee, S.; Almond, J.; Bhyun, J.H.; Choi, J.; Choi, J.; Jun, W.; Kim, J.; Kim, Y.W.; Ko, S.; Kwon, H.; Lee, H.; Lee, J.; Lee, J.; Oh, B.H.; Oh, S.B.; Seo, H.; Yang, U.K.; Yoon, I.; Jang, W.; Kang, D.Y.; Kang, Y.; Kim, S.; Ko, B.; Lee, J.S.H.; Lee, Y.; Park, I.C.; Roh, Y.; Watson, I.J.; Ha, S.; Hwang, K.; Yoo, H.D.; Choi, M.; Kim, M.R.; Lee, H.; Lee, Y.; Yu, I.; Beyrouthy, T.; Gharbia, Y.; Alazemi, F.; Dreimanis, K.; Gaile, A.; Munoz Diaz, C.; Osite, D.; Pikurs, G.; Potrebko, A.; Seidel, M.; Sidiropoulos Kontos, D.; Strautnieks, N.R.; Ambrozas, M.; Juodagalvis, A.; Rinkevicius, A.; Tamulaitis, G.; Yusuff, I.; Zolkapli, Z.; Benitez, J.F.; Castaneda Hernandez, A.; Encinas Acosta, H.A.; Gallegos Maríñez, L.G.; León Coello, M.; Murillo Quijada, J.A.; Sehrawat, A.; Valencia Palomo, L.; Ayala, G.; Castilla-Valdez, H.; Crotte Ledesma, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-De La Cruz, I.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Mejia Guisao, J.; Mondragon Herrera, C.A.; Sánchez Hernández, A.; Oropeza Barrera, C.; Ramirez Guadarrama, D.L.; Ramírez García, M.; Bautista, I.; Neri Huerta, F.E.; Pedraza, I.; Salazar Ibarguen, H.A.; Uribe Estrada, C.; Bubanja, I.; Raicevic, N.; Butler, P.H.; Ahmad, A.; Asghar, M.I.; Awais, A.; Awan, M.I.M.; Hoorani, H.R.; Khan, W.A.; Avati, V.; Grzanka, L.; Malawski, M.; Bialkowska, H.; Bluj, M.; Górski, M.; Kazana, M.; Szleper, M.; Zalewski, P.; Bunkowski, K.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.; Muhammad, A.; Fokow, P.; Pozniak, K.; Zabolotny, W.; Araujo, M.; Bastos, D.; Beirão Da Cruz E Silva, C.; Boletti, A.; Bozzo, M.; Camporesi, T.; Da Molin, G.; Faccioli, P.; Gallinaro, M.; Hollar, J.; Leonardo, N.; Marozzo, G.B.; Petrilli, A.; Pisano, M.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Wulff, J.W.; Adzic, P.; Milenovic, P.; Devetak, D.; Dordevic, M.; Milosevic, J.; Nadderd, L.; Rekovic, V.; Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Bedoya, Cristina F.; Brochero Cifuentes, J.A.; Carretero, Oliver M.; Cepeda, M.; Cerrada, M.; 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Uzunian, A.; Babaev, A.; Borshch, V.; Druzhkin, D.; CMS Collaboration

doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139754

Published September 2025 | Version Published

Journal Article Open

Measurement of the W boson decay branching fraction ratio B(W → cq)/B(W → qq̅) in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV

1. Alikhanyan National Laboratory
2. Institute of High Energy Physics
3. University of Antwerp
4. Vrije Universiteit Brussel
5. Université Libre de Bruxelles
6. Ghent University
7. Université Catholique de Louvain
8. Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas
9. Rio de Janeiro State University
10. São Paulo State University
11. Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy
12. Sofia University
13. University of Tarapacá
14. Beihang University
15. Tsinghua University
16. Peking University
17. South China Normal University
18. Sun Yat-sen University
19. University of Science and Technology of China
20. Nanjing Normal University
21. Fudan University
22. Zhejiang University
23. Universidad de Los Andes
24. University of Antioquia
25. University of Split
26. Rudjer Boskovic Institute
27. University of Cyprus
28. Charles University
29. National Polytechnic School
30. Universidad San Francisco de Quito
31. Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
32. Fayoum University
33. National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics
34. University of Helsinki
35. Helsinki Institute of Physics
36. Lappeenranta University of Technology
37. Institut de Recherche sur les Lois Fondamentales de l'Univers
38. Leprince-Ringuet Laboratory
39. University of Strasbourg
40. Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I), Villeurbanne, France
41. Georgian Technical University
42. RWTH Aachen University
43. Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
44. Universität Hamburg
45. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
46. Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics
47. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
48. National Technical University of Athens
49. University of Ioannina
50. Wigner Research Centre for Physics
51. Eötvös Loránd University
52. University of Debrecen
53. Institute for Nuclear Research
54. Karoly Robert Campus, MATE Institute of Technology, Gyongyos, Hungary
55. Panjab University
56. University of Delhi
57. Indian Institute of Technology Madras
58. Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics
59. Carnegie Mellon University
60. Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
61. National Institute of Science Education and Research
62. Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune
63. Isfahan University of Technology
64. Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences
65. University College Dublin
66. INFN Sezione di Bari
67. University of Bari Aldo Moro
68. Polytechnic University of Bari
69. INFN Sezione di Bologna
70. University of Bologna
71. INFN Sezione di Catania
72. University of Catania
73. INFN Sezione di Firenze
74. University of Florence
75. National Laboratory of Frascati
76. INFN Sezione di Genova
77. University of Genoa
78. INFN Sezione di Milano Bicocca
79. University of Milano-Bicocca
80. INFN Sezione di Napoli
81. University of Naples Federico II
82. University of Basilicata
83. INFN Sezione di Padova
84. University of Padua
85. INFN Sezione di Pavia
86. University of Pavia
87. INFN Sezione di Perugia
88. University of Perugia
89. INFN Sezione di Pisa
90. Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa
91. University of Pisa
92. University of Siena
93. INFN Sezione di Roma I
94. Sapienza University of Rome
95. INFN Sezione di Torino
96. University of Turin
97. University of Eastern Piedmont Amadeo Avogadro
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99. University of Trieste
100. Kyungpook National University
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103. Hanyang University
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200. Authors affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
201. Authors affiliated with an institute formerly covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN

The most precise measurement to date of the Image 1 boson hadronic decay branching fraction ratio Image 2 is presented. The measurement is based on a sample of proton-proton collision data from the CERN LHC collected by the CMS experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in 2016–2018 with an integrated luminosity of 138 fb − 1 . The large cross section of top quark-antiquark production at the LHC offers a sizable high-purity sample of Image 3 bosons suitable for this measurement. Events with one charged lepton (electron or muon) and at least four jets, two tagged as bottom quark jets, are analyzed. Charm jets are tagged using the presence of a muon inside the jet. The result, Image 4 , is consistent with the standard model prediction and is twice as precise as the current world-average value.

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© 2025 CERN for the benefit of the CMS Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. Funded by SCOAP³. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons CC-BY license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Release and preservation of data used by the CMS Collaboration as the basis for publications is guided by the CMS data preservation, re-use and open access policy.

Acknowledgement

We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other centers for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: SC (Armenia), BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MOST, and NSFC (China); Minciencias (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); ERC PRG, RVTT3 and MoER TK202 (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); SRNSF (Georgia); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LMTLT (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); MCIN/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MoSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA).

Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and The European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353, 101002207, and COST Action CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Science Committee, project no. 22rl-037 (Armenia); the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the “Excellence of Science – EOS” – be.h project n. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010 and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China); The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, grant FR-22-985 (Georgia); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), among others, under Germany's Excellence Strategy – EXC 2121 “Quantum Universe” – 390833306, and under project number 400140256 - GRK2497; the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI), Project Number 2288 (Greece); the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program - ÚNKP, the NKFIH research grants K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, K 146913, K 146914, K 147048, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, TKP2021-NKTA-64, and 2021-4.1.2-NEMZ_KI-2024-00036 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; ICSC – National Research Center for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing and FAIR – Future Artificial Intelligence Research, funded by the NextGenerationEU program (Italy); the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Education and Science, project no. 2022/WK/14, and the National Science Center, contracts Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369 and 2021/43/B/ST2/01552 (Poland); the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, grant CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, ERDF “a way of making Europe”, and the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia María de Maeztu, grant MDM-2017-0765 and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, and the National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, grant B39G670016 (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA).

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Measurement of the W boson decay branching fraction ratio B(W → cq)/B(W → qq̅) in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV

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Measurement of the W boson decay branching fraction ratio B(W → cq)/B(W → qq̅) in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV

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