Table 1. Column and Profile Observation Sites and the CO2 Seasonal Cycle Amplitude Comparison With Model Simulations						
Site Name (Code)	Location	Altitude Range Above Surface, m	Mean Scale Factor A of the 12 Modelsa,b	Phase Shift T of 12 Models, days	Scale Factor A for the Mean Response of the 12 Models	RMS in Fitting the Mean Response of the 12 Models, ppm
Poker Flats, AK (PFA)	65.07degreesN, 147.29degreesW	1500-7500	1.20+/-0.11	-16.8+/-4.5	1.21	0.71
Zotino, Russia (ZOT)	60.75degreesN, 89.38degreesE	500-3500	1.44+/-0.21	-18.4+/-2.8	1.42	1.70
Estevan Point, Canada (ESP)	49.38degreesN, 126.55degreesW	500-5500	1.20+/-0.12	-16.0+/-3.2	1.20	0.54
Orleans, France (ORL)	47.80degreesN, 2.50degreesE	500-3500	1.39+/-0.18	-19.6+/-3.1	1.38	0.43
Park Falls, WI (LEF)	45.93degreesN, 90.27degreesW	Total column	1.34+/-0.14	-7.3+/-4.0	1.34	0.43
Harvard Forest, MA (HFM)	42.54degreesN, 72.17degreesW	500-7500	1.38+/-0.09	-16.0+/-2.7	1.38	0.67
Carr, CO (CAR)	40.90degreesN, 104.80degreesW	1500-6500	1.20+/-0.11	-7.6+/-7.3	1.21	0.56
Kitt Peak, AZ c (KTP)	31.90degreesN, 111.60degreesW	Total column	1.11+/-0.07	15.3+/-4.6	1.12	0.56
Mean			1.28	-14.5+/-5.0 d	1.28	0.70
Mean of 35 surface sites e in 30degreesN~70degreesN	1.12	-11.9+/-9.8	1.11	1.07	
a For LEF and KTP, total CO2 columns were simulated for the comparison. For the aircraft sites, only partial columns with measurements were simulated. The scale factor A and phase shift T here are described by equation (1).
b The names of the models are CSU.gurney, GISS.prather, GISS.prather2, GISS.prather3, JMA-CDTM.maki, MATCH.bruhwiler, MATCH.chen, MATCH.law, RPN.yuen, SKYHI.fan, TM3.heimann, GCTM.baker. For more detail refer to TransCom website (http://www.purdue.edu/transcom/) and Gurney et al. [2003].
c The Kitt Peak observations were taken from Jan 1979 to Mar 1995, for more detail refer to Yang et al. [2002]. 
d Excluding Kitt Peak due to different observation time period.
e These surface sites are part of the Globalview-CO2 (2006) network, for a detailed list see auxiliary material.