Articles
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-019-0321-x
A laser-engraved wearable sensor for sensitive
detection of uric acid and tyrosine in sweat
Yiran Yang
1,7
, Yu Song
1,2,7
, Xiangjie Bo
1,7
, Jihong Min
1
, On Shun Pak
3
, Lailai Zhu
4
, Minqiang Wang
1
,
Jiaobing Tu
1
, Adam Kogan
1
, Haixia Zhang
2
, Tzung K. Hsiai
5
, Zhaoping Li
6
and Wei Gao
1
*
1
Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
2
National Key Lab of Micro/
Nano Fabrication Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China.
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA, USA.
4
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
5
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David
Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
6
Division of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of
Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
7
These authors contributed equally: Yiran Yang, Yu Song, Xiangjie Bo.
*e-mail: weigao@caltech.edu
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
In the format provided by the authors and unedited.
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Supplementary Fig. 1. Fabrication process of the laser-enabled patch.
Medical tape
Laser-cut microfluidics
PET attachment
Another medical tape
PI cleaning
Vector mode laser cutting
Raster mode laser cutting
Multimodal sensing patch
PI
Chemical sensor
Strain sensor
Temperature sensor
Medical tape
PET
Supplementary Fig. 2. Vector and raster modes of the laser cutting process.
a
, A CO
2
laser
cutting machine.
b
, Optical image of laser-scribed graphene patterns via vector mode and raster
mode, respectively. Scale bar, 1 cm.
c
,
d
, SEM images of vector mode-scribed graphene structure.
Scale bars represent 5 μm (
c
) and 2 μm (
d
), respectively.
e
,
f
, SEM images of raster mode-scribed
graphene structure. Scale bars represent 5 μm (
e
) and 2 μm (
f
), respectively.
a
c
b
d
e
f
Supplementary Fig. 3. Microscopic images showing the resolution of the laser engraving.
a–
d
, a graphene microelectrode fabricated by the raster mode (
a
), a graphene micropattern fabricated
by vector mode (
b
), and a microfluidic channel fabricated by vector mode under top view (
c
) and
cross-sectional view (
d
). Scale bars, 100
μ
m.
a
b
d
c
Supplementary Fig. 4. Low-cost and mass-production of the flexible multimodal sensor
arrays.
Scale bar, 1 cm.
a
b
Supplementary Fig. 5. Characterization of the LEG-based chemical, temperature, and strain
sensors using Raman spectroscopy.
Three experiments were performed independently with
similar results.
800 1400 2000 2600 3200
Intensity (a.u.)
Strain sensor
Temperature sensor
Chemical sensor
D
G
2D
Raman shift (cm
-1
)
Supplementary Fig. 6. Characterization of the LEG-based chemical, temperature, and strain
sensors using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
Three experiments were performed
independently with similar results.
0
200 400 600 800 1000
Strain sensor
Temperature sensor
O 1s
N 1s
C 1s
Intensity (a.u.)
Binding energy (eV)
Chemical sensor
280
284
288
292
Intensity (a.u.)
Binding energy (eV)
C 1s
Chemical sensor
Strain sensor
Temperature sensor
526
532
538
544
Strain sensor
Temperature sensor
Chemical sensor
Intensity (a.u.)
O 1s
Binding energy (eV)
c
b
a