Automatic and Precise Orthorectification, Coregistration, and Subpixel Correlation of Satellite Images, Application to Ground Deformation Measurements
Abstract
We describe a procedure to accurately measure ground deformations from optical satellite images. Precise orthorectification is obtained owing to an optimized model of the imaging system, where look directions are linearly corrected to compensate for attitude drifts, and sensor orientation uncertainties are accounted for. We introduce a new computation of the inverse projection matrices for which a rigorous resampling is proposed. The irregular resampling problem is explicitly addressed to avoid introducing aliasing in the ortho-rectified images. Image registration and correlation is achieved with a new iterative unbiased processor that estimates the phase plane in the Fourier domain for subpixel shift detection. Without using supplementary data, raw images are wrapped onto the digital elevation model and coregistered with a 1/50 pixel accuracy. The procedure applies to images from any pushbroom imaging system. We analyze its performance using Satellite pour l'Observation de la Terre (SPOT) images in the case of a null test (no coseismic deformation) and in the case of large coseismic deformations due to the Mw 7.1 Hector Mine, California, earthquake of 1999. The proposed technique would also allow precise coregistration of images for the measurement of surface displacements due to ice-flow or geomorphic processes, or for any other change detection applications. A complete software package, the Coregistration of Optically Sensed Images and Correlation, is available for download from the Caltech Tectonics Observatory website.
Additional Information
© 2007 IEEE. Reprinted with permission. Manuscript received April 28, 2006; revised October 25, 2006. [Posted online: 2007-05-29] This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation Grants EAR-0409652 and EAR-0636097 and by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. This is Caltech Tectonics Observatory contribution #52. The authors would like to thank R. Binet and R. Michel (Laboratoire de Detection Geophysique, CEA, France) for their insightful comments and the valuable discussions on their early work in the field of subpixel image registration and correlation; C. Schiek and J. Hurtado [University of Texas, El Paso (UTEP)] for their useful comments; J. Treiman [United States Geological Survey (USGS)] for providing the Hector Mine field survey slip measurements; the three anonymous reviewers whose comments have helped clarified a number of points; and P. Willis (Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), France), for helping in clarifying some geodesy notions.Attached Files
Published - LEPieeetgrs07.pdf
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Additional details
- Eprint ID
- 8420
- Resolver ID
- CaltechAUTHORS:LEPieeetgrs07
- Created
-
2007-08-03Created from EPrint's datestamp field
- Updated
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2021-11-08Created from EPrint's last_modified field
- Caltech groups
- Caltech Tectonics Observatory, Seismological Laboratory, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences
- Other Numbering System Name
- Caltech Tectonics Observatory
- Other Numbering System Identifier
- 52