Overtones and nonlinearities in binary black hole ringdowns
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1.
Cornell University
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2.
Perimeter Institute
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3.
California Institute of Technology
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4.
Kyoto University
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5.
Nitto RIKEN (Japan)
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6.
Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics
Abstract
Using high-accuracy numerical relativity waveforms, we confirm the presence of numerous overtones of the ℓ=2, 𝑚 =2 quasinormal mode early in the ringdown of binary black hole mergers. We do this by demonstrating the stability of the mode amplitudes at different fit times, ruling out the possibility that a linear superposition of modes unphysically fits a highly nonlinear part of the waveform. We also find a number of previously unidentified subdominant second-order quasinormal modes in the (2, 2) mode. Even though these modes are mathematically nonlinear, they nevertheless confirm the validity of perturbation theory as a good approximation for describing much of the ringdown.
Copyright and License
© 2025 American Physical Society.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported in part by the Sherman Fairchild Foundation, by NSF Grants No. PHY-2207342 and No. OAC-2209655 at Cornell, and by NSF Grants No. PHY-2309211, No. PHY-2309231, and No. OAC-2209656 at Caltech. Research at Perimeter Institute is supported in part by the Government of Canada through the Department of Innovation, Science and Economic Development and by the Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Colleges and Universities. Support for this work was provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship Grant No. HST-HF2-51562.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract No. NAS5-26555. This work was also supported in part by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grant No. JP23K13111 and the Hakubi project at Kyoto University.
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Additional details
- Sherman Fairchild Foundation
- National Science Foundation
- PHY-2207342
- National Science Foundation
- OAC-2209655
- National Science Foundation
- PHY-2309211
- National Science Foundation
- PHY-2309231
- National Science Foundation
- OAC-2209656
- Government of Canada
- Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada
- Ministry of Colleges and Universities
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- HST-HF2-51562.001-A
- Space Telescope Science Institute
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- NAS5-26555
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- JP23K13111
- Kyoto University
- Accepted
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2025-03-07
- Caltech groups
- Astronomy Department, TAPIR, Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics, Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy (PMA)
- Publication Status
- Published