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Published January 1, 2015 | Published
Journal Article Open

Relation between speckle decorrelation and optical phase conjugation (OPC)-based turbidity suppression through dynamic scattering media: a study on in vivo mouse skin

Abstract

Light scattering in biological tissue significantly limits the accessible depth for localized optical interrogation and deep-tissue optical imaging. This challenge can be overcome by exploiting the time-reversal property of optical phase conjugation (OPC) to reverse multiple scattering events or suppress turbidity. However, in living tissue, scatterers are highly movable and the movement can disrupt time-reversal symmetry when there is a latency in the OPC playback. In this paper, we show that the motion-induced degradation of the OPC turbidity-suppression effect through a dynamic scattering medium shares the same decorrelation time constant as that determined from speckle intensity autocorrelation – a popular conventional measure of scatterer movement. We investigated this decorrelation characteristic time through a 1.5-mm-thick dorsal skin flap of a living mouse and found that it ranges from 50 ms to 2.5 s depending on the level of immobilization. This study provides information on relevant time scales for applying OPC to living tissues.

Additional Information

© 2014 Optical Society of America. Received 11 Aug 2014; revised 19 Nov 2014; accepted 3 Dec 2014; published 10 Dec 2014. This work is supported by NIH 1DP2OD007307-01 and a GIST-Caltech Research Collaboration grant and grants from the Institute of Medical System Engineering at GIST. Benjamin Judkewitz is the recipient of a Sir Henry Wellcome Fellowship from the Wellcome Trust. The authors thank Mr. Yeonsu Jung for help with in vivo experiments and theoretical development.

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