We present a near-complete spectral energy distribution (SED) for an extrasolar world: the T8 brown dwarf 2MASS J04151954−0935066. Spanning from optical to mid-infrared (0.7–20.4 μm) wavelengths, the SED for this substellar atmosphere is constructed from new James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) NIRSpec G395H (R ∼ 2700) and Magellan Folded-port InfraRed Echellete (FIRE) echelle (R ∼ 8000) near-infrared spectra, along with MIRI mid-infrared photometry complemented by spectra from Keck I, Infrared Telescope Facility, Magellan, AKARI, Spitzer, and photometry from various surveys and missions. The NIRSpec G395H spectrum reveals strong molecular absorptions from NH3, CH4, H2S, CO2, and H2O at approximately 3.00, 3.35, 3.95, 4.25, and 5.00 μm, respectively, along with the presence of a CO absorption feature detected mainly at ∼4.6 μm. We detect no absorption of near-infrared K i doublets in the R ∼ 8000 FIRE spectra. In the mid-infrared Infrared Spectrograph spectrum, we tentatively identify a new CO2 feature at 14–16 μm. The comprehensive SED allows us to empirically constrain bolometric luminosity, effective temperature, mass, and radius. Additionally, we demonstrate that the NIRSpec G395H resolution, the highest allowable by JWST, enables a precise radial velocity measurement of 47.1 ± 1.8 km s−1 for the object, in agreement with previous measurements.
Diversity of Cold Worlds: A Near-complete Spectral Energy Distribution for 2MASS J04151954−0935066 Using JWST
Creators
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Alejandro Merchan, Sherelyn1, 2
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Faherty, Jacqueline K.1
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Suárez, Genaro1
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Cruz, Kelle L.1, 2, 3
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Burgasser, Adam J.4
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Gagné, Jonathan5, 6
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Hood, Callie E.7
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Gonzales, Eileen C.8
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Bardalez Gagliuffi, Daniella C.1, 9
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L'Heureux, Jolie10
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Vos, Johanna M.11
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Schneider, Adam C.12
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Meisner, Aaron M.13
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Morley, Caroline14
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Kirkpatrick, J. Davy15
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Marocco, Federico15
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Kiman, Rocio16
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Beichman, Charles A.15
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Burningham, Ben17
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Caselden, Dan1
- Eisenhardt, Peter R.18
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Gelino, Christopher R.15
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Gharib-Nezhad, Ehsan19
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Kuchner, Marc J.20
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Lacy, Brianna14
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Rothermich, Austin1, 2
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Rowland, Melanie J.14
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Whiteford, Niall1
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1.
American Museum of Natural History
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2.
The Graduate Center, CUNY
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3.
Hunter College
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4.
University of California, San Diego
- 5. Planétarium de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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6.
University of Montreal
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7.
University of California, Santa Cruz
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8.
San Francisco State University
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9.
Amherst College
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10.
Masaryk University
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11.
Trinity College Dublin
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12.
United States Naval Observatory
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13.
NOIRLab
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14.
The University of Texas at Austin
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15.
Infrared Processing and Analysis Center
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16.
California Institute of Technology
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17.
University of Hertfordshire
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18.
Jet Propulsion Lab
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19.
Ames Research Center
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20.
Goddard Space Flight Center
Abstract
Copyright and License
© 2025. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
Acknowledgement
S.A.M. was partially funded by the John P. McNulty Foundation for a portion of this project. J.F. acknowledges funding support from JWST-GO-02124.001-A as well as NASA XRP grant No. 80NSSC22K0142 and NSF Award 1909776. This research has made use of the Spanish Virtual Observatory (https://svo.cab.inta-csic.es) project funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ through grant No. PID2020-112949GB-I00. J.M.V. acknowledges support from a Royal Society Science Foundation Ireland University Research Fellowship (URF\1\221932). This research has made use of the SVO Filter Profile Service “Carlos Rodrigo,” funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ through grant No. PID2020-112949GB-I00.
Facilities
SIMPLE Archive (K. Cruz et al. 2025), SEDkit (J. Filippazzo et al. 2024), Astropy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2022), SVO Filters (C. Rodrigo & E. Solano 2020).
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Alejandro_Merchan_2025_ApJ_989_80.pdf
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Additional details
Related works
- Is new version of
- Discussion Paper: arXiv:2505.24591 (arXiv)
Funding
- Mcnulty Foundation
- Space Telescope Science Institute
- 02124.001-A
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- 80NSSC22K0142
- National Science Foundation
- 1909776
- Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
- PID2020-112949GB-I00
- Science Foundation Ireland
- URF\1\221932
Dates
- Accepted
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2025-05-29
- Available
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2025-08-05Published